ATI Fundamentals Proctored Exam LPN

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What is the term used for a high-pitched musical sound in clients during a respiratory assessment?

  • A. Crowing
  • B. Wheezing
  • C. Stridor
  • D. Sigh
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A high-pitched musical sound during breathing is wheezing, caused by air passing through narrowed airways, often due to asthma, allergies, or obstruction. Stridor is a harsh, high-pitched sound from upper airway obstruction, distinct from wheezing's expiratory nature. Crowing resembles a rooster's call, linked to laryngospasm, not a musical tone. A sigh is a deep breath, not pathological. Wheezing's recognition guides interventions like bronchodilators, addressing underlying inflammation or constriction, crucial for restoring normal respiration and preventing hypoxia.

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Which of the following statement best describe incident reporting?

  • A. Hiding errors
  • B. Reporting adverse events
  • C. A patient task
  • D. A routine check
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Incident reporting is reporting adverse events (B), per nursing e.g., falls logged. Not hiding (A), not task (C), not routine (D) safety-focused. B best defines its role, improving Mr. Gary's care safety, making it correct.

Which of the following statement is NOT true about legal documentation?

  • A. Supports care quality
  • B. Legal evidence
  • C. Can be altered anytime
  • D. Must be accurate
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Legal documentation supports quality (A), is evidence (B), must be accurate (D) 'can be altered anytime' (C) isn't true, strict rules apply, per law. C's flexibility contradicts standards, like Mr. Gary's records, making it untrue.

A framework for health assessment that evaluates the effects of stressors to the mind, body and environment in relation with the ability of the client to perform ADL.

  • A. Functional health framework
  • B. Head to toe framework
  • C. Body system framework
  • D. Cephalocaudal framework
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Functional health framework (A) assesses stressors on mind, body, and environment re: ADLs, per Gordon's model. Head-to-toe (B), body system (C), and cephalocaudal (D) focus physical order, not function. A matches description, making it correct.

A client has a Staphylococcus infection in a decubitus ulcer. In this case, Staphylococcus is the:

  • A. Host
  • B. Agent
  • C. Environment
  • D. Disease
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the Agent-Host-Environment Model, Staphylococcus is the agent the causative factor triggering illness, here infecting a decubitus ulcer. The client is the host, whose skin integrity and immunity determine susceptibility. The environment bedridden conditions or hygiene sets the stage for infection. The disease is the resulting pathology, like the ulcer's worsening. This model dissects causation: Staphylococcus (bacteria) invades the host (client) in a conducive environment (immobility), driving nursing interventions cleaning wounds, repositioning to disrupt the triad. Understanding the agent's role guides targeted care, like antibiotics, breaking the infection cycle. It's a practical lens for nurses, pinpointing external triggers to prevent or manage illness effectively, especially in chronic wound scenarios.

Mr. Gary named his wife to make decisions if he can't. This is an example of?

  • A. Health care proxy
  • B. Living will
  • C. Patient education
  • D. Care transition
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Naming his wife for decisions is a health care proxy (A) chosen surrogate, per definition. Living will (B) states wishes, education (C) teaches, transition (D) moves not proxy-specific. A fits Mr. Gary's delegation of authority, making it correct.

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