Nokea
What is true about dizygotic twins?
- A. Fertilized egg divided rapidly
- B. Two ova were expelled
- C. Share one placenta
- D. Same sex and blood type
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dizygotic twins result from the fertilization of two separate ova, leading to genetically distinct siblings.
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A 35-year-old patient is admitted to the delivery room having contractions 6 minutes apart. Upon palpation of the abdomen, the nurse feels a hard round object in the uterine fundus and a soft object in the pelvis. What should be anticipated?
- A. Cesarean section
- B. Imminent delivery
- C. Normal progressive labor and delivery
- D. FHR to be heard below the umbilicus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cesarean section. In this scenario, the presence of a hard round object in the uterine fundus and a soft object in the pelvis indicates a situation of breech presentation. Since the baby is presenting in a breech position, it is not safe for a vaginal delivery due to potential complications and risks involved. Therefore, a cesarean section should be anticipated to ensure a safe delivery for both the mother and the baby.
Summary of other choices:
B: Imminent delivery - Unlikely as the breech presentation may complicate the delivery process.
C: Normal progressive labor and delivery - Inconsistent with the breech presentation findings.
D: FHR to be heard below the umbilicus - FHR location does not impact the need for a cesarean section in breech presentation.
Which vitamin should be avoided in excess during pregnancy?
- A. Vitamin C
- B. Vitamin D
- C. Vitamin B2 (niacin)
- D. Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin D in excess can lead to hypercalcemia, which may harm the fetus. Other vitamins listed are generally safe when consumed in recommended amounts.
The nurse is providing education to a patient who has given birth to her first child and is being discharged home. The patient expressed concern regarding infant mortality and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The patient had an uncomplicated pregnancy, labor, and vaginal delivery. She has a body mass index of 25 and has no other health conditions. The infant is healthy and was delivered full-term. What will be most helpful thing to explain to the patient?
- A. Uses of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy (ECMO)
- B. Uses of exogenous pulmonary surfactant
- C. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative
- D. The Safe to Sleep campaign
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The Safe to Sleep campaign. The campaign educates parents on safe sleep practices to reduce the risk of SIDS. In this scenario, the patient's concerns regarding infant mortality and SIDS can be addressed by providing information on safe sleep practices. Choices A and B are not relevant to the patient's concerns as they pertain to advanced medical therapies. Choice C, Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, focuses on promoting breastfeeding support and practices, which is not directly related to addressing the patient's concerns about infant mortality and SIDS.
Organize the developmental stages in the correct order. Put a comma and space between each answer choice (a, b, c, d, etc.)
- A. Zygote
- B. Morula
- C. Blastocyst
- D. Embryo
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fetal development progresses through several stages: zygote, morula, blastocyst, embryo, and fetus. Each stage represents a critical phase in the formation and growth of the embryo.
The nurse is assessing a pregnant patient at 28 weeks gestation who reports increased vaginal discharge. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Assess the characteristics of the discharge, including color and odor.
- B. Encourage the patient to rest and monitor for changes in discharge.
- C. Perform a pelvic exam to assess the discharge further.
- D. Call the healthcare provider immediately to report the change.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess the characteristics of the discharge, including color and odor. This is the priority action because it allows the nurse to gather important information to determine if the increased vaginal discharge is normal or if it may indicate an infection or other issue. By assessing the characteristics, such as color and odor, the nurse can make an informed decision on the next steps for the patient's care.
Choice B is incorrect because simply monitoring for changes without assessing the characteristics of the discharge may delay necessary interventions. Choice C is incorrect because performing a pelvic exam should not be the first action without first assessing the characteristics of the discharge. Choice D is incorrect because calling the healthcare provider immediately may not be necessary if the discharge is normal.