Nokea
What part of the fetal body derives from the mesoderm?
- A. Nails
- B. Oil glands
- C. Muscles
- D. Lining of the bladder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The mesoderm is responsible for the development of muscles. Nails and oil glands derive from the ectoderm. The lining of the bladder derives from the endoderm.
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Which of the following is the most important nursing intervention for a laboring person who is receiving oxytocin for induction of labor?
- A. monitor for signs of uterine hyperstimulation
- B. monitor fetal heart rate continuously
- C. provide emotional support
- D. encourage ambulation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: monitor fetal heart rate continuously. This is crucial because oxytocin can cause uterine hyperstimulation leading to fetal distress. Continuous monitoring allows for early detection of fetal compromise. Monitoring for signs of uterine hyperstimulation (A) is important but secondary to fetal well-being. Emotional support (C) and encouraging ambulation (D) are beneficial but not as critical as ensuring fetal safety during oxytocin administration.
A patient in labor is undergoing an epidural block and is given intravenous fluid. What is the purpose of this?
- A. To treat hypotension that results from hemorrhage
- B. To increase urine output
- C. To treat insensible fluid losses
- D. To treat hypotension that results from sympathetic blockade
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: To treat hypotension that results from sympathetic blockade. When an epidural block is administered during labor, sympathetic blockade can lead to a drop in blood pressure. By providing intravenous fluid, the goal is to increase preload and maintain blood pressure to counteract the hypotension caused by sympathetic blockade.
A: Treating hypotension from hemorrhage is not the primary purpose in this scenario.
B: Increasing urine output is not the main goal of giving intravenous fluid during an epidural block.
C: Treating insensible fluid losses is not the immediate concern when a patient is experiencing hypotension from sympathetic blockade.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Which of the following interventions should be implemented first?
- A. Administer insulin to control blood glucose levels.
- B. Instruct the patient to follow a diabetic diet and monitor blood glucose levels.
- C. Schedule a cesarean delivery due to the risk of macrosomia.
- D. Start the patient on antihypertensive medications to control blood pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because instructing the patient to follow a diabetic diet and monitor blood glucose levels is the initial intervention for managing gestational diabetes. This step is crucial in controlling blood glucose levels and preventing complications for both the mother and the baby. Administering insulin (option A) may be necessary but is not the first step. Scheduling a cesarean delivery (option C) is not indicated unless there are specific obstetric indications. Starting the patient on antihypertensive medications (option D) is not relevant for managing gestational diabetes unless the patient also has hypertension.
Because nausea and vomiting are such common complaints of pregnant women, the nurse provides anticipatory guidance to a 6-week gestation client by telling her to do which of the following?
- A. Avoid eating greasy foods.
- B. Drink orange juice before rising.
- C. Consume 1 teaspoon of nutmeg each morning.
- D. Eat 3 large meals plus a bedtime snack.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Greasy foods can exacerbate nausea and vomiting. Small, frequent meals are recommended, and saltine crackers before rising can help alleviate symptoms. Orange juice and nutmeg are not recommended.
A woman, 6 weeks pregnant, is having a vaginal examination. Which of the following would the practitioner expect to find?
- A. Thin cervical muscle.
- B. An enlarged ovary.
- C. Thick cervical mucus.
- D. Pale pink vaginal wall.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An enlarged ovary is a common finding in early pregnancy due to the corpus luteum. Thin cervical muscle, thick cervical mucus, and a pale pink vaginal wall are not typical findings at this stage.