Nokea
What patient populations would the nurse expect is most likely to be prescribed a drug for an off-label use?
- A. Adolescent and middle-aged adult patients
- B. Patients with diabetes or heart disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients with chronic conditions like diabetes or heart disease are more likely to receive off-label prescriptions due to limited standard treatment options or the need for alternative therapies when conventional drugs are ineffective. Adolescents and middle-aged adults are less likely unless specific conditions warrant it, but the document cuts off, and based on clinical context, chronic disease patients are a common focus for off-label use.
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The most frequent type of drug-food interaction is food:
- A. Causing increased therapeutic drug levels
- B. Affecting the metabolism of the drug
- C. Altering the volume of distribution of drugs
- D. Affecting the gastrointestinal absorption of drugs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Food most commonly affects drug absorption in the GI tract by altering pH, delaying gastric emptying, or binding to drugs, impacting bioavailability.
Drug studies generally base the recommended adult dose of a drug needed to reach a critical concentration on what measure?
- A. A 60-year-old man
- B. An average-sized woman
- C. A 150-pound adult male
- D. An obese adult
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drug dosages are often standardized based on a 150-pound adult male as a common reference in pharmacological studies.
The nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous polymyxin antibiotic. The patient reports dizziness along with numbness and tingling of the hands and feet. The nurse will perform which action?
- A. Administer the drug since these are harmless side effects
- B. Hold the drug and notify the provider of these adverse reactions
- C. Obtain an order for an oral form of this medication
- D. Request an order for serum electrolytes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Polymyxin neurotoxicity (dizziness, numbness) warrants holding and reporting; these aren't harmless , and it's not oral . Polymyxins can cause nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity.
A nurse is teaching a female client who has tobacco use disorder about Nicotine replacement therapy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should avoid eating right before I chew a piece of nicotine gum.
- B. I will need to stop using the nicotine gum after 1 year.
- C. I know that nicotine gum is a safe alternative to resulting if I become pregnant.
- D. I must chew the nicotine gum quickly for about 15 minutes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding food before chewing enhances nicotine absorption; gum isn't safe in pregnancy, and chewing is slow.
Choose the correct statement about ondansetron:
- A. It is a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
- B. It suppresses postoperative nausea and vomiting
- C. It is the most effective antiemetic for motion sickness
- D. It is not effective by oral route
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, effectively suppresses postoperative nausea and vomiting; it's less effective for motion sickness and is effective orally.