Nokea
What problem is most often associated with myelomeningocele?
- A. Biliary atresia
- B. Hydrocephalus
- C. Craniostenosis
- D. Tracheoesophageal fistula
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydrocephalus is the most commonly associated problem with myelomeningocele, present in 80% to 90% of affected children. Biliary atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula are not typically associated with myelomeningocele. Craniostenosis refers to the premature closing of cranial sutures and is not a common issue seen with myelomeningocele.
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The nurse is describing clinical reasoning to a group of nursing students. Which is most descriptive of clinical reasoning?
- A. Purposeful and goal-directed
- B. A simple developmental process
- C. Based on deliberate and irrational thought
- D. Assists individuals in guessing what is most appropriate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
At what stage can infants raise their heads and gain control of their trunks before walking due to which directional pattern of development?
- A. Cephalocaudal
- B. Anterior to posterior
- C. Proximodistal
- D. Normal growth curve charts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cephalocaudal. The cephalocaudal pattern of development means that growth and motor control proceed from the head downward through the body. This explains why infants can raise their heads before they can sit and gain control of their trunks before walking. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Anterior to posterior refers to development from the front to the back, while proximodistal refers to development from the center of the body outward. Normal growth curve charts are used to track physical growth over time and are not directly related to the directional pattern of development in infants.
The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-aged child. Which should the nurse plan to ensure atraumatic care?
- A. Limit explanation of procedures because the child is preschool-aged
- B. Ask that all family members leave the room when performing procedures
- C. Allow the child to choose the type of juice to drink with the administration of oral medications
- D. Explain that EMLA cream cannot be used for the morning lab draw because there is not time for it to be effective
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Allowing the child to make choices, such as selecting the type of juice, helps to maintain a sense of control and reduce anxiety, ensuring atraumatic care.
After the family, which has the greatest influence on providing continuity between generations?
- A. Race
- B. School
- C. Social Class
- D. Government
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Schools play a significant role in providing continuity between generations by imparting cultural values, social norms, and knowledge to children.
Physiological anorexia in toddlerhood occurs because of:
- A. Decreased appetite and decreased nutritional need
- B. Decreased appetite and increased nutritional need
- C. Increased appetite and lack of food preferences
- D. Increased appetite and strong food preferences
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Physiological anorexia in toddlers occurs due to a decreased appetite as growth rates slow down. Choice A is correct because it aligns with the concept that toddlers experience a natural decrease in appetite as their growth rate decreases. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they suggest increased appetite or other factors not associated with physiological anorexia in toddlerhood.