Nokea
What property of a substance refers to its ability to be drawn into thin wires without breaking?
- A. Malleability
- B. Viscosity
- C. Ductility
- D. Conductivity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ductility is the property that allows a substance to be drawn into thin wires without breaking. Malleability, on the other hand, is the ability to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets. Viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. Conductivity, lastly, refers to a substance's ability to conduct electricity or heat. Therefore, in this context, the correct answer is ductility as it specifically relates to the ability of a substance to be drawn into thin wires without breaking.
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What is the structure that connects the ovary to the uterus in the female reproductive system?
- A. Urethra
- B. Fallopian tube
- C. Vagina
- D. Cervix
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The fallopian tubes are the structures that connect the ovaries to the uterus in the female reproductive system. These tubes serve as a pathway for the egg to travel from the ovary to the uterus, where fertilization typically occurs. Options (A) Urethra, (C) Vagina, and (D) Cervix are not the structures responsible for connecting the ovary to the uterus, making them incorrect choices for this question.
What is the process of making copies of DNA called?
- A. Transcription
- B. Translation
- C. Replication
- D. DNA repair
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A) Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template. It involves the creation of mRNA molecules from a DNA template.
B) Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA. During translation, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a protein.
C) Replication is the process of making copies of DNA. This process occurs before cell division and ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the genetic material.
D) DNA repair is a cellular mechanism that corrects errors in DNA that arise due to various factors such as exposure to mutagens or mistakes during DNA replication. It is essential for maintaining the integrity of the genetic material.
Why does a prism separate white light into its constituent spectral components?
- A. It absorbs certain colors
- B. Different colors experience varying speeds within the prism
- C. It bends all colors with the same magnitude
- D. It reflects specific colors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A prism separates white light into its constituent spectral components because different colors experience varying speeds within the prism due to their different wavelengths. This causes the light to refract at different angles, resulting in the separation of colors. When light enters the prism, it undergoes dispersion, where different colors are refracted at different angles due to their unique wavelengths. This phenomenon is known as chromatic dispersion. Choice A is incorrect because a prism does not absorb colors but refracts and disperses them. Choice C is incorrect because a prism refracts different colors at different angles, not with the same magnitude. Choice D is incorrect because a prism does not reflect colors but refracts and disperses them based on their wavelengths.
What property of a wave determines its pitch in sound waves?
- A. Amplitude
- B. Frequency
- C. Wavelength
- D. Speed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pitch of a sound wave is determined by its frequency. Frequency is the number of cycles of a wave that occur in a unit of time, usually measured in hertz (Hz). Higher frequencies correspond to higher pitches, while lower frequencies correspond to lower pitches. Amplitude refers to the height of a wave and is related to the loudness of the sound. Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive points in a wave that are in phase, and speed is the rate at which a wave travels through a medium. Therefore, the correct answer is frequency as it directly correlates with the pitch of a sound wave.
How do vaccines primarily function within the body?
- A. Creating a physical barrier against pathogens
- B. Triggering an inflammatory response
- C. Developing immunological memory to a specific pathogen
- D. Activating phagocytes to engulf pathogens
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vaccines primarily function by stimulating the immune system to develop immunological memory to a specific pathogen. When a vaccine is administered, it exposes the immune system to a harmless version of a pathogen or a piece of it. This exposure triggers the immune response, leading to the production of antibodies and memory cells specific to that pathogen. Choice A is incorrect because vaccines do not create a physical barrier; rather, they prepare the immune system to recognize and fight specific pathogens. Choice B is incorrect as vaccines do trigger an immune response, but the primary goal is to create memory rather than inflammation. Choice D is incorrect as vaccines do not directly activate phagocytes; instead, they stimulate the immune system to generate a targeted response against a particular pathogen.