ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam

ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam Related

Review ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam related questions and content

What question should a nurse ask a client who has an anteroposterior (AP) chest diameter equal to the lateral chest diameter?

  • A. Are you taking any medications or herbal supplements?
  • B. Do you have any chronic breathing problems?
  • C. How often do you perform aerobic exercise?
  • D. What is your occupation and what are your hobbies?
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Do you have any chronic breathing problems? This question is relevant because equal AP and lateral chest diameters can indicate a barrel chest, which is often associated with chronic breathing problems like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chronic breathing problems can lead to this specific chest shape due to increased lung volume. Choice A is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the physical assessment findings. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on exercise habits rather than the client's current health status. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the potential underlying health issue indicated by the chest measurements.

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Why are older adults more likely to develop hypovolemic shock?

  • A. Low-activity lifestyle
  • B. Altered cardiac function
  • C. Decreased percentage of body water
  • D. Decline in muscle strength and bone mass
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Older adults have less total body water, making them more susceptible to fluid losses and hypovolemic shock.

Felicia's family is concerned because Felicia states that she is hearing voices. This is a sign of

  • A. Bipolar disorder.
  • B. Schizophrenia.
  • C. Panic disorder.
  • D. Bulimia nervosa.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Auditory hallucinations are a hallmark symptom of schizophrenia.

A client with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is receiving heparin therapy. What is the priority assessment for the nurse?

  • A. Monitoring blood pressure
  • B. Checking the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
  • C. Assessing for signs of bleeding
  • D. Measuring calf circumference
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assessing for signs of bleeding. This is the priority assessment because heparin therapy increases the risk of bleeding. Signs of bleeding include bruising, petechiae, blood in urine or stool, and excessive bleeding from wounds. Monitoring blood pressure (A) is important but not the priority in this situation. Checking aPTT (B) is important for evaluating the effectiveness of heparin therapy but does not take precedence over assessing for bleeding. Measuring calf circumference (D) is used to detect changes in calf size due to DVT but is not the priority assessment while the client is on heparin therapy.

A client is caring for a postoperative client on the surgical unit. The client's blood pressure was 142/76 mm Hg 30 minutes ago and is now 88/50 mm Hg. What action by the nurse is best?

  • A. Call the Rapid Response Team.
  • B. Document and continue to monitor.
  • C. Notify the primary care provider.
  • D. Repeat blood pressure measurement in 15 minutes.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Call the Rapid Response Team. A significant drop in blood pressure from 142/76 mm Hg to 88/50 mm Hg indicates a potential life-threatening condition like hypovolemic shock. Calling the Rapid Response Team allows for immediate assessment and intervention to stabilize the client. Other choices are incorrect because documenting and monitoring without intervention can lead to deterioration, notifying the primary care provider may cause delays in critical care, and repeating the blood pressure measurement in 15 minutes may worsen the client's condition if urgent intervention is needed.

Identify measures that the nurse should use to reduce health care disparities

  • A. Use cultural competency guidelines
  • B. Use a family member as the interpreter
  • C. Use standardized evidence-based care guidelines
  • D. Complete the health history as rapidly as possible
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Using cultural competency guidelines, standardized evidence-based care, and incorporating racial/cultural differences in care plans helps mitigate disparities. Rushing the process or relying solely on family interpreters can worsen outcomes.

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