Nokea
What role does the liver play in metabolism?
- A. Storing glucose
- B. Secreting bile
- C. Detoxifying harmful substances
- D. Producing enzymes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Producing enzymes. The liver is involved in metabolism by producing enzymes that are essential for regulating various metabolic processes in the body. While the liver does store glucose, secrete bile, and detoxify harmful substances, its primary role in metabolism is producing enzymes that facilitate biochemical reactions necessary for energy production, nutrient breakdown, and waste elimination. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because although the liver performs these functions, they are not directly related to its primary role in metabolism, which is producing enzymes.
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What is the function of the alveoli in the lungs?
- A. To absorb oxygen
- B. To remove carbon dioxide
- C. To exchange gases
- D. To regulate blood pressure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs responsible for the exchange of gases, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide, during breathing. Oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is released through this process, enabling the body to receive oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. Choice A is incorrect because the alveoli do not absorb oxygen but facilitate the exchange of gases. Choice B is incorrect as the alveoli do not remove carbon dioxide but aid in the exchange of gases. Choice D is incorrect as the alveoli are not involved in regulating blood pressure but in gas exchange.
Where does digestion begin in the digestive system?
- A. Stomach
- B. Mouth
- C. Small intestine
- D. Esophagus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digestion begins in the mouth. Mechanical digestion through chewing and chemical digestion through saliva initiate the breakdown of food. Enzymes in saliva start breaking down carbohydrates, marking the beginning of the digestive process. The stomach primarily functions in further breaking down food and mixing it with gastric juices. The small intestine is where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients occur. The esophagus is a muscular tube that helps move food from the mouth to the stomach, but digestion does not begin there.
What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?
- A. To carry oxygen
- B. To fight infections
- C. To clot blood
- D. To transport nutrients
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To clot blood. Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, have a primary function in blood clotting. They help in the process of coagulation, forming clots to prevent excessive bleeding when injuries occur. Platelets play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system by sealing off damaged blood vessels and promoting wound healing. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because platelets do not carry oxygen, fight infections, or transport nutrients in the blood.
What is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
- A. To transport nutrients
- B. To fight infections
- C. To carry oxygen
- D. To produce energy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'To carry oxygen.' Hemoglobin in red blood cells binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to the tissues and organs throughout the body. This oxygen transport is crucial for cellular respiration and the overall functioning of the body. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because hemoglobin's primary function is not to transport nutrients, fight infections, or produce energy in red blood cells.
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
- A. To pump blood throughout the body
- B. To deliver nutrients to tissues
- C. To regulate body temperature
- D. To protect the body from infection
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary function of the cardiovascular system is to pump blood throughout the body, ensuring that oxygen and nutrients are delivered to tissues while removing waste products. This circulation is essential for maintaining overall health and proper functioning of the body's cells and organs. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while the cardiovascular system does deliver nutrients to tissues indirectly by transporting them in the blood, regulating body temperature is primarily the role of the endocrine and nervous systems, and protecting the body from infection is the main function of the immune system.