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What should be included in counseling about Gardasil, a vaccine for human papillomavirus (HPV)?
- A. Gardasil is not recommended for women who are already sexually active.
- B. Gardasil protects recipients from all strains of the virus.
- C. The most common side effect from the vaccine is pain at the injection site.
- D. Anyone who is allergic to eggs is advised against receiving the vaccine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain at the injection site is the most common side effect.
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What is the priority action for a newborn with a positive Coombs test?
- A. Begin phototherapy immediately
- B. Monitor for jaundice progression
- C. Administer immunoglobulin therapy
- D. Initiate exchange transfusion procedures
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring jaundice progression is crucial for managing hemolytic disease.
If a newborn is born with acrocyanosis (blue/pale extremities and a pink body), they should be assigned which Apgar score for appearance?
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acrocyanosis typically receives a score of 1 for appearance.
A nurse is conducting an orientation program for a group of newly hired nurses. As part of the program, the nurse is reviewing the issue of informed consent. The nurse determines that the teaching was effective when the group identifies which situation as a violation of informed consent?
- A. Performing a procedure on a 15-year-old without parental consent
- B. Serving as a witness to the signature process on an operative permit
- C. Asking whether the client understands what she is signing following receiving education
- D. Getting verbal consent over the phone for an emergency procedure from the spouse of a unconscious woman
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In most states, only clients over the age of 18 can legally provide consent for health care. Serving as a witness to the signature process, asking whether the client understands what she is signing, and getting verbal consent over the phone for emergency procedures are all key to informed consent and are not violations.
What should the nurse consider when caring for a client who identifies as a lesbian?
- A. Lesbian women are usually less sexually active than straight women.
- B. Lesbian women need not be asked about domestic violence issues.
- C. Lesbian women should be tested for cervical cancer every three to seven years.
- D. Lesbian women are at higher risk for bacterial vaginosis than are straight women.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regular cervical cancer screening is important for all women.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a new parent about car seat safety. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. "should position my baby's car seat at a 45-degree angle in the car."
- B. "should place the car seat rear facing until my baby is 12 months old."
- C. "should place the harness snugly in a slot above my baby's shoulders."
- D. "should position the retainer clip at the top of my baby's abdomen."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement indicating an understanding of car seat safety is "I should place the car seat rear facing until my baby is 12 months old." This statement reflects the current recommendation by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), which suggests that infants should ride in a rear-facing car seat until they are at least 2 years old or until they reach the maximum height or weight limit allowed by the car seat manufacturer. This position provides the best protection for the baby's head, neck, and spine in the event of a crash. The other statements are incorrect: