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What should the nurse do when preparing the patient for a bronchoscopy?
- A. Instruct the patient to hold his or her breath during the procedure.
- B. Instruct the patient to remain NPO 24 hours before the procedure.
- C. Obtain informed consent after premedicating the patient.
- D. Reassure the patient that he or she will be able to breathe during the procedure.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should reassure a patient before a bronchoscopy that they will be able to breathe during the procedure. The patient is instructed to remain NPO after midnight (4 to 8 hours) before the procedure. Informed consent must be obtained before the patient is premedicated.
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What is the term for the cleanest part of a voided urine specimen that is collected after voiding is initiated and before it is finished?
- A. Sterile specimen
- B. "Caught" specimen
- C. Midstream specimen
- D. Patient-collected specimen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A midstream urine specimen is collected after voiding is initiated and before it is completed.
What should the nurse do when preparing the patient for an amniocentesis?
- A. Restrict food intake.
- B. Restrict fluid intake.
- C. Monitor fetal heart tones.
- D. Inform patient results will be available immediately.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a patient has an amniocentesis, fetal heart tones should be monitored. There are no fluid or food restrictions, and the patient should be told to contact her health care provider to obtain results, which are usually available after 2 weeks.
What is the rationale for the nurse to assess a patient's knowledge of an ordered procedure?
- A. To determine difficulties the patient may encounter
- B. To determine the nurse's role in the procedure
- C. To determine health teaching required
- D. To determine anxiety the patient has
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse will need to assess the patient's knowledge of the procedure to determine the level of health care teaching needed.
The nurse explains that electrocardiograms are graphic representations of electric impulses generated by the heart. What type of abnormalities can an electrocardiogram identify?
- A. Those that produce a cardiac cycle
- B. Those that interfere with electric conduction
- C. Those that result from an interrupted blood flow
- D. Those that interfere with heart contraction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Electrocardiograms identify abnormalities that interfere with electric conduction.
What should the nurse assess the patient for before administration of contrast media?
- A. Has been NPO.
- B. Is allergic to iodine.
- C. Has emptied the bladder.
- D. Has taken medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient should always be assessed for allergies to iodine before administration of contrast media.