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What should the nurse recognize as evidence that the patient is recovering from preeclampsia?
- A. 1+ protein in urine
- B. 2+ pitting edema in lower extremities
- C. Urine output >100 mL/hour
- D. Deep tendon reflexes +2
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Increased urine output indicates improved kidney function, a key indicator of recovery from preeclampsia.
Step 2: Adequate urine output helps regulate blood pressure and reduce swelling.
Step 3: Consistent urine output >100 mL/hour signifies the kidneys are functioning properly.
Step 4: Therefore, C is the correct answer as it directly reflects recovery progress from preeclampsia.
Summary: A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not directly correlate with kidney function or recovery from preeclampsia.
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A nurse who provides care on an acute medical unit has observed that physicians are frequently reluctant to refer patients to hospice care. What are contributing factors that are known to underlie this tendency? Select all that apply.
- A. Financial pressures on health care providers
- B. Patient reluctance to accept this type of care
- C. Strong association of hospice care with prolonging death
- D. Advances in curative treatment in late-stage illness E) Ease of making a terminal diagnosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Financial pressures on health care providers. Physicians may be reluctant to refer patients to hospice care due to financial pressures. This could be because hospice care may be seen as less profitable compared to other treatments or services. Other choices are incorrect because: B: Patient reluctance is not a contributing factor from the physician's perspective. C: Hospice care is actually focused on comfort and quality of life, not prolonging death. D: Advances in curative treatment may not be directly related to physician reluctance to refer to hospice. E: Ease of making a terminal diagnosis is not a significant factor influencing physician reluctance.
A nurse is completing an OASIS data set on apatient. The nurse works in which area?
- A. Home health
- B. Intensive care unit
- C. Skilled nursing facility
- D. Long-term care facility
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Home health. The Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) data set is specifically used in the home health care setting to assess the patient's condition and needs. This includes collecting data on the patient's health, functional status, and living environment to determine the appropriate care plan. In contrast, choices B, C, and D are incorrect because OASIS is not utilized in the intensive care unit, skilled nursing facility, or long-term care facility settings. These settings have their own assessment tools and documentation requirements that are different from OASIS used in home health care.
The nurse is caring for a 39-year-old woman with a family history of breast cancer. She requested a breast tumor marking test and the results have come back positive. As a result, the patient is requesting a bilateral mastectomy. This surgery is an example of what type of oncologic surgery?
- A. Salvage surgery
- B. Palliative surgery
- C. Prophylactic surgery
- D. Reconstructive surgery
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prophylactic surgery. Prophylactic surgery involves removing tissue at risk of developing cancer to prevent the occurrence of cancer. In this case, the patient has a family history of breast cancer and has tested positive for a breast tumor marker, indicating a high risk of developing breast cancer. By opting for a bilateral mastectomy, the patient is proactively removing breast tissue to reduce her risk of developing breast cancer.
Salvage surgery (A) is performed to remove cancer that has recurred after initial treatment. Palliative surgery (B) aims to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life but is not curative. Reconstructive surgery (D) is performed to restore the appearance and function of a body part after cancer treatment but is not the primary purpose in this scenario.
A nurse is planning the postoperative care of a patient who is scheduled for radical prostatectomy. What intraoperative position will place the patient at particular risk for the development of deep vein thrombosis postoperatively?
- A. Fowlers position
- B. Prone position
- C. Supine position
- D. Lithotomy position
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lithotomy position. In lithotomy position, the patient's legs are elevated and positioned higher than the heart, which can lead to venous stasis and increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). This position compresses the femoral veins, hindering blood flow and predisposing the patient to DVT formation.
Summary:
A: Fowlers position - Not typically associated with increased DVT risk.
B: Prone position - Not typically associated with increased DVT risk.
C: Supine position - Generally considered a safe position regarding DVT risk.
A 62-year-old woman diagnosed with breast cancer is scheduled for a partial mastectomy. The oncology nurse explained that the surgeon will want to take tissue samples to ensure the disease has not spread to adjacent axillary lymph nodes. The patient has asked if she will have her lymph nodes dissected, like her mother did several years ago. What alternative to lymph node dissection will this patient most likely undergo?
- A. Lymphadenectomy
- B. Needle biopsy
- C. Open biopsy
- D. Sentinel node biopsy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sentinel node biopsy. This procedure involves identifying and removing the sentinel lymph node(s) which is the first lymph node(s) that cancer cells are likely to spread to from the primary tumor. This method helps determine if cancer has spread beyond the primary site without the need for a full axillary lymph node dissection. It is less invasive, has fewer side effects, and provides accurate staging information. Lymphadenectomy (A) refers to the removal of multiple lymph nodes, which is more extensive than necessary in this case. Needle biopsy (B) and open biopsy (C) are not specific to lymph node evaluation and do not provide accurate staging information for breast cancer.