Nokea
What structure in the intestine increases surface area?
- A. Villas
- B. Villi
- C. Cilia
- D. Protrusii
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Villi are finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase surface area for absorption.
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About filiform papilla all true except:
- A. Secondary papillae extend from the primary papillae. Each one has a separate epithelial cap
- B. Found on the anterior two thirds of the tongue in oblique transverse rows
- C. Less numerous than fungiform papilla
- D. No taste buds in filiform papillae, but they contain nerve endings for touch.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Filiform papillae are the most numerous type on the tongue, not less numerous than fungiform papillae, and they lack taste buds.
Which of the following statements best describes the migrating motor complex (MMC)?
- A. It is responsible for the peristaltic movement of food along the entire gastrointestinal tract
- B. It is a cyclic pattern of motility that primarily occurs during the postprandial (after-meal) period
- C. It involves segmental contractions that aid in the mixing and breakdown of food particles
- D. It occurs during fasting and clears residual contents from the stomach and small intestine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The MMC is a fasting-state motility pattern that clears residual contents, regulated by motilin, not active postprandially.
The part of the stomach that meets the esophagus at the gastroesophageal sphincter is the:
- A. fundus
- B. cardia
- C. pylorus
- D. body
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cardia is the part of the stomach closest to the esophagus.
Chymotrypsin is-
- A. Proteolytic enzyme
- B. Fat digestive enzyme
- C. Vitamin
- D. Hormone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chymotrypsin is a proteolytic enzyme secreted by the pancreas.
Which of the following describes one function of the stomach?
- A. To introduce carbohydrates to food.
- B. To remove excess water from food.
- C. To temporarily store food.
- D. To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The stomach temporarily stores food, mixing it with gastric juices for digestion.