Nokea
What type of diet is recommended for patients with diverticulitis during an acute flare-up?
- A. High-fiber
- B. Low-residue
- C. Low-fat
- D. High-protein
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During an acute flare-up of diverticulitis, a low-residue diet is recommended. This diet helps reduce bowel movements and minimize irritation to the digestive tract, allowing the inflamed diverticula to heal. High-fiber foods are usually avoided during flare-ups as they can exacerbate symptoms. Low-fat and high-protein diets are not specifically recommended for diverticulitis flare-ups. Therefore, option B is the correct choice.
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The client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 is admitted to the hospital with cellulitis of the right foot secondary to an insect bite. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Administer intravenous antibiotics
- B. Apply warm moist packs every two hours
- C. Elevate the right foot on two pillows
- D. Teach the client about skin and foot care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering intravenous antibiotics is the priority intervention in this scenario. Cellulitis is a bacterial skin infection that requires prompt treatment with antibiotics to prevent its spread and potential complications. While warm moist packs and elevation can be beneficial as adjunct measures, they are not the initial priority. Teaching about skin and foot care is important, but it can be addressed after stabilizing the acute condition with antibiotics.
The nurse has given post-procedure instructions to a client who underwent a colonoscopy. Evaluation of learning would be evident if the client makes which statement(s)?
- A. All below
- B. "My abdominal muscles may be tender because of the procedure."
- C. "My diet should be light at first, and then I can progress to a regular diet."
- D. "It is normal to feel gassy or bloated for a short while after the procedure."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Which of the following is inappropriate in collecting midstream clean-catch urine specimen for urine analysis?
- A. Collect early in the morning, first voided specimen
- B. Do perineal care before specimen collection
- C. Collect 5 to 10 ml of urine
- D. Discard the first flow of urine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The inappropriate action in collecting a midstream clean-catch urine specimen for urine analysis is to collect only 5 to 10 ml of urine. Adequate urine volume of 30 to 60 ml is required for accurate testing. Collecting a small amount like 5 to 10 ml may lead to inaccurate results due to insufficient sample size. It is crucial to follow proper collection techniques, such as discarding the first flow of urine, performing perineal care, and collecting an adequate volume, to ensure reliable test results.
A client who _____ diet requires _____ amounts of vitamin C.
- A. Follows a vegan diet
- B. Smokes cigarettes
- C. Follows a ketogenic diet
- D. Is lactose intolerant
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clients who smoke require more vitamin C due to increased oxidative stress and depletion of vitamin C. Smoking leads to higher levels of oxidative stress in the body, which in turn increases the utilization of vitamin C to counteract the damage caused by free radicals. Choices A, C, and D do not directly impact the body's need for vitamin C as smoking does.
Identifying the strengths and weaknesses in the nursing care plan is part of which of the following steps in determining and fulfilling the patient's nursing care needs?
- A. Evaluation
- B. Planning
- C. Implementation
- D. Assessment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct. Evaluation involves assessing the effectiveness of the nursing care plan by identifying its strengths and weaknesses. This step helps in determining if the plan is meeting the patient's needs.
Choice B (Planning) is incorrect because planning involves developing the nursing care plan based on the assessment of the patient's needs.
Choice C (Implementation) is incorrect as it refers to putting the nursing care plan into action.
Choice D (Assessment) is incorrect as assessment is the initial step in the nursing process, involving data collection and analysis to identify the patient's needs.