Nokea
What type of diet is recommended for the menopausal woman?
- A. Low-fat, high-fiber, and soy diet
- B. High-carbohydrate, low-fat diet
- C. Low-salt, high-fiber, low-protein diet
- D. Low-fat, low-carbohydrate, high-protein
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A low-fat, high-fiber, and soy diet (A) helps manage menopausal symptoms via phytoestrogens and heart health. Other options (B, C, D) lack soy’s specific benefits. Document: 'A low-fat, high-fiber, and soy diet… [is used for] managing menopausal symptoms.'
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Most common complication of untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia is:
- A. Adrenal crisis
- B. Sexual infantilism
- C. Hirsutism
- D. Precocious puberty
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adrenal crisis is the most serious complication of untreated CAH due to cortisol deficiency, per AAP (doc p148, Q558).
An adolescent who is brought to the emergency department (ED) by his parents has the following symptoms: periumbilical pain that peaks at 4-hour intervals followed by right lower quadrant pain, which is followed by vomiting. Based on these data, which condition does the nurse suspect?
- A. Meckel's diverticulum
- B. Omphalitis
- C. Appendicitis
- D. Ulcerative colitis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Periumbilical pain shifting to the right lower quadrant (McBurney’s point) with vomiting is characteristic of appendicitis . Meckel’s diverticulum may cause bleeding, omphalitis is umbilical infection, and ulcerative colitis involves chronic diarrhea, not acute localized pain.
Vitamin B1 deficiency causes
- A. Beriberi
- B. Mumps
- C. Pellagra
- D. Scurvy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beriberi A results from B1 deficiency, per document p14, 8.
Most common cause of Cushing syndrome in children is:
- A. Adrenal tumor
- B. Pituitary adenoma
- C. Exogenous steroids
- D. Ectopic ACTH syndrome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exogenous steroids are the most common cause of Cushing syndrome in children, per AAP (doc p150, Q590).
When a parent asks the nurse to describe what is meant by a 'learning disability,' the nurse's most helpful response would be:
- A. It is characterized by inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity'
- B. A child may have difficulty with perception, language, comprehension, or memory'
- C. The child's intellectual ability limits his learning'
- D. The child has difficulty learning because of brain damage'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A learning disability (B) involves challenges in perception, language, or comprehension despite normal intelligence. A describes ADHD, C implies low IQ, and D suggests injury, not typical. Document: 'Children with learning disabilities may have… difficulties in perception, language, comprehension.'