Nokea
What type of disease results in a structural change in an organ that interferes with its functioning?
- A. Functional disease
- B. Organic disease
- C. Acute disease
- D. Chronic disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An organic disease results in a structural change in an organ.
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A symptom of itching and an uncomfortable sensation leading to an urge to scratch is known as ____.
Correct Answer: pruritus
Rationale: Pruritus is a symptom of itching and an uncomfortable sensation leading to an urge to scratch. Some causes are allergy, infection, jaundice, elevated serum urea, and skin irritation.
A patient has edema of the lower extremities. The nurse is assessing whether it is pitting and to what degree. After pressing the skin against a bony prominence for 5 seconds the nurse identifies 2+ pitting edema. When did the edema disappear?
- A. 10 to 15 seconds
- B. 20 to 25 seconds
- C. 30 to 35 seconds
- D. 40 to 45 seconds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The 2+ pitting edema is identified because the pitting edema disappears in 10 to 15 seconds.
A nurse is gathering subjective data when admitting a patient. Which assessment finding reported by the patient is considered subjective data?
- A. Complains of pruritus.
- B. Is experiencing erythema.
- C. Appears to be experiencing pruritus.
- D. Has a generalized rash.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptoms are subjective indications of illness that are perceived by the patient. Examples of symptoms are pain, nausea, vertigo, pruritus, diplopia, numbness, and anxiety. The nurse is unaware of symptoms unless the patient describes the sensation. Symptoms are referred to as subjective data. Pruritus is the only subjective assessment finding. All other options are examples of objective data.
Redness or inflammation of the skin or mucous membranes that is the result of dilation and congestion of superficial capillaries is known as ____.
Correct Answer: erythema
Rationale: Erythema is redness or inflammation of the skin or mucous membranes that is the result of dilation and congestion of superficial capillaries.
During a physical assessment the nurse notes a patient has profuse secretions of sweat. What should the nurse document that the patient is experiencing?
- A. Dyspnea
- B. Cyanosis
- C. Diaphoresis
- D. Ecchymosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diaphoresis is the secretion of sweat, especially the profuse secretion associated with an elevated body temperature, physical exertion, exposure to heat, and mental or emotional stress.