Nokea
What type of starch is glycogen?
- A. Plant starch
- B. Animal starch
- C. Glucose
- D. Cellulose
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glycogen is classified as animal starch, not plant starch. It is the storage form of glucose in animals, primarily found in the liver and muscles. Choice A (Plant starch) is incorrect because glycogen is not derived from plants. Choice C (Glucose) is incorrect as glucose is a monosaccharide and not a type of starch. Choice D (Cellulose) is incorrect as cellulose is a structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls, not the same as glycogen.
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Which of the following is defined as the number of cycles of a wave that move past a fixed observation point per second?
- A. Wave
- B. Wavelength
- C. Frequency
- D. Wavefunction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Frequency is defined as the number of cycles of a wave that pass a fixed observation point per second. It is a fundamental characteristic of a wave and is measured in Hertz (Hz). The frequency of a wave determines its pitch in the case of sound waves and its color in the case of light waves.
Choice A, 'Wave,' is incorrect because a wave refers to the disturbance or oscillation that travels through a medium. Choice B, 'Wavelength,' is incorrect as it represents the distance between two corresponding points on a wave (e.g., crest to crest). Choice D, 'Wavefunction,' is not the correct answer as it is a mathematical function used in quantum mechanics to describe the behavior of particles and systems.
How many amino acids are essential for human life?
- A. 22
- B. 20
- C. 18
- D. 24
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: There are 20 essential amino acids required for human life. These amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained through the diet. They play crucial roles in various physiological functions and are necessary for protein synthesis and overall health. Choice A is incorrect because there are not 22 essential amino acids. Choice C is incorrect as there are more than 18 essential amino acids. Choice D is incorrect as there are not 24 essential amino acids for human life.
What is a mathematical function that gives the amplitude of a wave as a function of position (and sometimes, as a function of time and/or electron spin)?
- A. Wavelength
- B. Frequency
- C. Wavenumber
- D. Wavefunction
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Wavefunction. The wavefunction is a mathematical function that gives the amplitude of a wave as a function of position (and sometimes, as a function of time and/or electron spin). It is commonly used in quantum mechanics to describe the behavior of particles, particularly electrons, in atomic and molecular systems. The wavefunction provides information about the probability of finding a particle in a particular state or position. Wavelength (Choice A), Frequency (Choice B), and Wavenumber (Choice C) are properties of waves, but they do not directly represent the mathematical function that describes the wave's behavior as the wavefunction does.
How are elements arranged in the periodic table?
- A. Order of increasing atomic number
- B. Alphabetical order
- C. Order of increasing metallic properties
- D. Order of increasing neutron content
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the periodic table, the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number. This organization is based on the number of protons in the nucleus of each element. It provides a systematic way to classify elements and predict their properties. Knowing the atomic number of an element helps determine its placement in the periodic table and its characteristics. Therefore, the correct answer is the order of increasing atomic number as it is fundamental to the structure and properties of the elements. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Alphabetical order does not reflect any underlying property of the elements, metallic properties vary across the table, and neutron content alone is not the basis for the arrangement in the periodic table.
What type of bonds involve an especially strong dipole-dipole force between molecules and are responsible for the unique properties of water and pin DNA into its characteristic shape?
- A. Oxygen links
- B. Hydrogen bonds
- C. Dipolar bonds
- D. N/A
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydrogen bonds involve an especially strong dipole-dipole force between molecules. These bonds are responsible for the unique properties of water, such as its high surface tension and ability to form droplets. Additionally, hydrogen bonds help hold DNA strands together in its characteristic double helix shape, playing a crucial role in DNA structure and stability. Choice A, 'Oxygen links,' is incorrect as it does not accurately describe the type of bonds involved. Choice C, 'Dipolar bonds,' is also incorrect as it is a generalized term and does not specifically refer to the bonds described in the question. Choice D, 'N/A,' is irrelevant and does not provide an answer to the question.