Nokea
What volume of silver will weigh exactly 2500.0 g? The density of silver is 10.5 g/cm³.
- A. 262.50 cm³
- B. 238.1 cm³
- C. 0.0042 cm³
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To find the volume of silver, we use the formula: Volume = Mass / Density. Plugging in the given values, Volume = 2500.0 g / 10.5 g/cm³ = 238.1 cm³. Therefore, the correct answer is 238.1 cm³, which corresponds to option B.
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What are buffers?
- A. Proteins
- B. Solutions that resist changes in pH
- C. Catalysts in a reaction
- D. Inhibitors in a reaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Buffers are solutions that resist changes in pH by neutralizing small amounts of acids or bases that may be added to them. They help maintain a stable pH environment and are commonly used in various biological and chemical processes to prevent drastic changes in acidity or alkalinity. Buffers do not act as catalysts or inhibitors in reactions. Their main purpose is to stabilize pH levels and ensure a relatively constant pH within a system, making them essential in maintaining the proper conditions for many biological reactions and processes.
What are bases or alkaline solutions known as?
- A. Hydrogen acceptors
- B. Solutions of low pH
- C. Hydrogen donors
- D. Amphoteric
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bases or alkaline solutions are substances that can accept protons (H+ ions), making them hydrogen acceptors. When a base reacts with an acid, it accepts a proton to form water, hence neutralizing the acid. This property distinguishes bases from acids, which donate protons (H+ ions). Therefore, the correct answer is that bases or alkaline solutions are known as hydrogen acceptors.
What is the name of the device that separates gaseous ions by their mass-to-charge ratio?
- A. mass spectrometer
- B. interferometer
- C. magnetometer
- D. capacitance meter
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is a mass spectrometer. A mass spectrometer is a device specifically designed to separate gaseous ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio. The separation occurs as ions pass through the mass spectrometer, allowing for the identification and quantification of compounds present in a sample. This analytical instrument is widely used in chemistry and other scientific fields due to its ability to provide detailed information about the composition of substances.
What are van der Waals forces?
- A. the weak forces of attraction between two molecules
- B. the strong forces of attraction between two molecules
- C. hydrogen bonds
- D. conjugal bonds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Van der Waals forces are weak intermolecular forces that occur between non-polar molecules. These forces result from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution within the molecules, leading to slight positive and negative charges. This results in weak attraction between molecules through van der Waals forces. Hydrogen bonds, in contrast, are stronger intermolecular forces that specifically occur between molecules containing hydrogen bonded to a highly electronegative atom like oxygen or nitrogen. Conjugal bonds do not exist in chemistry and are not relevant to intermolecular forces.
What type of reaction is represented by the equation KCl → K + Cl₂?
- A. Synthesis
- B. Decomposition
- C. Single replacement
- D. Double replacement
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The reaction KCl → K + Cl2 is an example of a decomposition reaction. In a decomposition reaction, a compound breaks down into its constituent elements or simpler compounds. In this case, potassium chloride (KCl) decomposes into potassium (K) and chlorine gas (Cl2). Therefore, the correct answer is B, Decomposition.