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What was the result of research done in the 1930s by the Childrens Bureau?
- A. Children with heart problems are now cared for by pediatric cardiologists.
- B. The Child Abuse and Prevention Act was passed.
- C. Hot lunch programs were established in many schools.
- D. Childrens asylums were founded.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: School hot lunch programs were developed as a result of research by the Childrens Bureau on the effects of economic depression on children.
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If parents keep a toddler dependent in areas where he is capable of using skills, the toddle will develop a sense of which of the following?
- A. Mistrust
- B. Shame
- C. Guilt
- D. Inferiority
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: According to Erikson, toddlers experience a sense of shame when they are not allowed to develop appropriate independence and autonomy.
A 14-year-old boy is at the pediatric clinic for a checkup. What physical changes of puberty will the nurse indicate are related to the production of testosterone?
- A. Stimulation of production of white cells and platelets
- B. Promotion of growth of small bones
- C. Increase in muscle mass and strength
- D. Decrease in production of sebaceous gland secretions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Testosterone increases muscle mass, promotes strength and growth of long bones, and enhances production of red blood cells.
The nurse is teaching a group of new parents about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which recommendation should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Place the infant on a soft mattress for sleep
- B. Ensure the infant sleeps in a prone position
- C. Keep soft objects and loose bedding out of the crib
- D. Dress the infant warmly to prevent hypothermia during sleep
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Keeping soft objects and loose bedding out of the crib reduces SIDS risk by preventing suffocation, per AAP safe sleep guidelines. Prone position and soft mattresses increase risk.
The nurse is clarifying information to a patient regarding diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). What is the nurses best response when the patient asks how DRGs reduce medical care costs?
- A. By determining payment based on diagnosis
- B. By requiring two medical opinions to confirm a diagnosis
- C. By organizing HMOs
- D. By defining a person who will require hospitalization
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: DRGs determine the amount of payment and length of hospital stay based on the diagnosis.
What nonfamily-centered policies were prevalent in the 1960s? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Waiting room for fathers
- B. Sedation of mother during labor
- C. Delay of reunion of mother and infant
- D. Lenient visiting hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hospital policies in the 1960s provided a separate waiting room for fathers while the mother went through labor in a sedated state. The reunion of mother and infant was delayed for several hours because of the sedation. Visiting hours were rigid and disallowed the visitation of minor children. 'E' refers to restrictions of visitations by minor children.