Nokea
What would be the best community health nurse (CHN) referral for a physically and mentally challenged older person who wants to continue living with her family but whose family members are all working outside the home?
- A. Adult daycare services
- B. Home health care
- C. Long-term care
- D. Elder centres
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Adult daycare services. This option allows the older person to receive care and supervision during the day while her family members are at work, ensuring her safety and well-being. It also allows her to continue living with her family, promoting social interaction and community involvement.
Summary of other choices:
B: Home health care may not be suitable as it may not provide adequate supervision and social interaction during the day.
C: Long-term care is not necessary if the older person can continue living with her family.
D: Elder centres may not provide the necessary supervision and care during the day when the family members are at work.
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Which report introduced the concept of health promotion?
- A. Epp Report
- B. Black Report
- C. Lalonde Report
- D. WHO Commission Report on Social Determinants
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lalonde Report. The Lalonde Report, published in 1974, introduced the concept of health promotion by emphasizing the importance of addressing lifestyle factors and social determinants of health. It shifted the focus from solely treating diseases to promoting overall well-being. The Epp Report (A) focused on prevention and health promotion but was published after the Lalonde Report. The Black Report (B) highlighted health inequalities but did not introduce the concept of health promotion. The WHO Commission Report on Social Determinants (D) focused on addressing social inequalities impacting health but did not specifically introduce the concept of health promotion.
While screening for diabetes at a community clinic, a community health nurse (CHN) found out that a new client had type 2 diabetes. The CHN then provided counselling, referred the client to an endocrinologist for initial assessment and treatment, helped with arrangements for financial assistance, arranged transportation, and booked a follow-up appointment. What role does this type of service exemplify?
- A. Case management
- B. Client advocacy
- C. Holistic care
- D. Wrap-around services
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Case management. Case management involves coordinating and organizing services for individuals to ensure they receive comprehensive care. In this scenario, the CHN assessed the client's needs, referred them to an endocrinologist, assisted with financial aid, arranged transportation, and scheduled a follow-up appointment, all of which are key components of case management. This approach focuses on individualized care and continuity of services to address the client's needs effectively.
Choice B: Client advocacy involves supporting and promoting the rights and interests of the client. While the CHN did advocate for the client by providing assistance, the primary focus was on coordinating services, making A a more fitting option.
Choice C: Holistic care considers the physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects of an individual's health. While the services provided were comprehensive, the focus was more on coordinating and managing the client's care rather than addressing all aspects of holistic care.
Choice D: Wrap-around services involve providing a range of
The ability to work with diverse groups is an important skill required in community health nursing. What best defines cohesion, one of the core concepts of working in groups?
- A. Cohesion is anything a member does that makes an intentional contribution to the group's purpose.
- B. Cohesion is the perception of a definite move toward meeting the group's goals and tasks.
- C. Cohesion is encouraging all members to describe the experiences in their families and workplaces that they perceive as relevant.
- D. Cohesion is a measure of attraction between individual members and the group.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because cohesion in a group context refers to the level of connection or bond between individual members and the group as a whole. This attraction is essential for fostering teamwork, communication, and collaboration within the group. When members feel connected and committed to the group, they are more likely to work together effectively towards common goals.
Choice A is incorrect because it focuses on individual contributions to the group's purpose rather than the group's overall unity. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to progress towards goals rather than the interpersonal relationships within the group. Choice C is incorrect as it emphasizes sharing personal experiences rather than the bond between members.
In summary, cohesion is about the sense of belonging, trust, and mutual support among group members, which enhances group effectiveness and productivity.
What is the biggest challenge for community health nurses (CHNs) who are familiar with evidence-informed practice and want to implement it in their care of clients?
- A. Interpreting vast amounts of evidence and integrating it into practice
- B. Advocating for change and convincing others that it is beneficial
- C. Distinguishing evidence-informed practice from practice based on old standards
- D. Showing clients that evidence-informed practice will improve their health outcomes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because interpreting vast amounts of evidence and integrating it into practice is a significant challenge for community health nurses (CHNs) familiar with evidence-informed practice. CHNs need to sift through numerous research studies, guidelines, and data to make informed decisions about client care. By effectively integrating evidence into practice, CHNs can ensure that their interventions are based on the best available evidence, leading to improved client outcomes.
Choice B is incorrect because advocating for change is not the primary challenge related to implementing evidence-informed practice. Choice C is incorrect because distinguishing evidence-informed practice from outdated standards is important but not the biggest challenge. Choice D is incorrect because showing clients the benefits of evidence-informed practice is essential but not the main challenge faced by CHNs in implementing it.
What community health nursing action would best ensure long-term positive health outcomes in pregnant adolescents from low-income groups and their children?
- A. Help adolescent mothers learn about body changes during pregnancy.
- B. Develop programs that enable adolescent mothers to complete their education.
- C. Offer courses in proper care of babies.
- D. Monitor pregnant adolescents for early detection of problems in pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because completing education can empower adolescent mothers to secure better job opportunities, higher income, and improved living conditions, leading to long-term positive health outcomes for themselves and their children. This choice addresses the root causes of health disparities in low-income groups by promoting education as a key factor in breaking the cycle of poverty and improving overall well-being.
A: Learning about body changes during pregnancy is important but does not address the broader social determinants of health that impact long-term outcomes.
C: Offering courses in proper baby care is beneficial but does not address the underlying issues of education and socioeconomic status.
D: Monitoring for pregnancy problems is crucial for immediate health concerns but does not address the long-term health and well-being of the adolescent mothers and their children.