Nokea
When a female patient who does not speak English well requires an interpreter, what would be the most appropriate choice?
- A. A trained interpreter
- B. A male family member
- C. A female family member
- D. A volunteer college student from the foreign language studies department
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To facilitate effective communication between a female patient with limited English proficiency and healthcare providers, the most appropriate choice is a trained interpreter. Trained interpreters, especially those familiar with medical terminology, ensure accurate transmission of information and maintain patient-provider confidentiality. Using a family member, whether male or female, can lead to misunderstandings, breaches of confidentiality, and potential biases. Volunteer college students may lack the necessary skills and experience to handle sensitive medical conversations professionally. Opting for a trained interpreter is crucial to enhance communication quality, promote understanding, and uphold patient care standards.
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During an assessment, the nurse notices that a patient is handling a small charm that is tied to a leather strip around his neck. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. Ask the patient about the item and its significance.
- B. Ask the patient to lock the item with other valuables in the hospital's safe.
- C. Tell the patient that a family member should take valuables home.
- D. No action is necessary.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The appropriate action for the nurse in this situation is to ask the patient about the charm and its significance. This helps the nurse understand the patient's cultural beliefs, personal values, and any potential significance the charm holds for the patient. It also shows respect for the patient's personal belongings. Asking about the charm can help establish rapport and cultural competence in the nurse-patient relationship. Choices B and C do not address the patient's attachment to the charm or provide an opportunity for cultural understanding. Choice D is incorrect as it dismisses the importance of acknowledging and respecting the patient's personal belongings.
In the majority culture of America, coughing, sweating, and diarrhea are symptoms of an illness. For some individuals of Mexican-American origin, however, these symptoms are a normal part of living. The nurse recognizes that this is true, probably because Mexican-Americans:
- A. have less efficient immune systems and are often ill.
- B. consider these symptoms a part of normal living, not symptoms of ill health.
- C. come from Mexico where coughing is normal and healthy.
- D. are usually in a lower socioeconomic group and are more likely to be sick.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In Mexican-American culture, coughing, sweating, and diarrhea are often considered normal bodily functions and not necessarily indicative of illness. This cultural perspective shapes their understanding of health and illness, leading them to view these symptoms differently than the majority culture in America. Choice A is incorrect because it generalizes Mexican-Americans as having less efficient immune systems, which is not supported by evidence. Choice C is incorrect as it oversimplifies by attributing the perception solely to coming from Mexico. Choice D is incorrect as it makes unwarranted assumptions about the socioeconomic status and health status of Mexican-Americans.
During an interview, the interviewer is using open-ended questions. Which of the following statements are true regarding open-ended questions? Select all that apply.
- A. They elicit cold facts.
- B. They allow for self-expression.
- C. They build and enhance deviation from topic
- D. They leave interactions neutral.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Open-ended questions are designed to encourage the interviewee to express themselves freely, leading to more detailed and insightful responses. These questions help build rapport by showing interest in the interviewee's thoughts and feelings. By allowing for self-expression, open-ended questions facilitate a deeper and more meaningful conversation, making them a valuable tool in conducting interviews. Choice A is incorrect because open-ended questions aim to gather detailed and subjective information, not just cold facts. Choice D is incorrect as open-ended questions often lead to more engaging interactions rather than leaving them neutral.
When recording the childhood illnesses of a patient who denies having had any, which note by the nurse would be most accurate?
- A. Patient denies usual childhood illnesses.
- B. Patient states he was a 'very healthy' child.
- C. Patient states sister had measles, but he didn't.
- D. Patient denies measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox, pertussis, and strep throat.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choice D is the most accurate note by the nurse as it lists specific childhood illnesses commonly experienced by children. By documenting that the patient denies having had these specific illnesses, the healthcare provider establishes a clear medical history record regarding these common childhood illnesses. This detailed documentation is essential for providing comprehensive care and evaluating potential risks or complications associated with these illnesses in the future. Choices A, B, and C are not as accurate as they do not provide a comprehensive list of common childhood illnesses that are routinely evaluated by healthcare providers. Choice A is too vague, Choice B focuses on the patient's perception of their health rather than specific illnesses, and Choice C only mentions measles, lacking the breadth of information provided in Choice D.
During an interview, a parent of a hospitalized child is sitting in an open position. As the interviewer begins to discuss his son's treatment, however, he suddenly crosses his arms against his chest and crosses his legs. This would suggest that the parent is:
- A. just changing positions.
- B. more comfortable in this position.
- C. tired and needs a break from the interview.
- D. uncomfortable talking about his son's treatment.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The parent's sudden change in body language from an open position to crossing arms and legs suggests discomfort or defensiveness, particularly when discussing his son's treatment. This closed-off position indicates a lack of willingness to share information and potentially signals discomfort with the topic being discussed. Choice A is incorrect as the abrupt shift in body language indicates more than just a change in position. Choice B is incorrect because crossing arms and legs typically signal defensiveness or discomfort rather than comfort. Choice C is incorrect as there are specific body language cues indicating discomfort rather than just fatigue.