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When are drug errors most likely to occur? Select all that apply.
- A. When transcribing the drug order
- B. When verifying the client
- C. When dispensing the drug
- D. When charting after drug administration
- E. When administering the drug
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Drug errors may occur in transcribing drug orders, when the drug is dispensed, or in administration of the drug. Nurses, as the drug administrators, serve as the last defense against drug errors. Verifying the client and charting after administration are two important areas to help prevent medication errors.
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A nurse's responsibility when a drug is prescribed for a client includes which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Administering the drug to the client
- B. Monitoring for therapeutic response
- C. Checking for drug?drug interactions
- D. Reporting adverse reactions
- E. Teaching the client information needed to administer drugs safely at home
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: When a drug is prescribed to a client, the nurse is responsible for the administration of the drug, monitoring for therapeutic effects, reporting adverse drug reactions, and teaching the client information needed to administer the drug safely at home. A pharmacist checks for drug?drug interactions prior to dispensing a drug for administration.
What site is most appropriate for an IM injection in an 18-month-old toddler?
- A. Dorsogluteal site
- B. Deltoid muscle
- C. Vastus lateralis
- D. Ventrogluteal site
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The vastus lateralis site is frequently used for infants and small children because it is more developed than the other intramuscular sites such as the dorsogluteal and deltoid muscle. Ventrogluteal sites may be used in children who have been ambulating for more than 2 years.
What action is most appropriate when administering a transdermal drug?
- A. Apply next dose to a new site
- B. Check the infusion rate
- C. Inject only the inner part of the forearm
- D. Give small volumes of doses
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An important nursing intervention when administrating drugs through the transdermal route is to apply the next dose to a new site. It is important to check the infusion rate every 15 to 30 minutes in patients using infusion controllers or infusion pumps. When using the intradermal route, the inner part of the forearm should be used as the injection site and small volumes of doses should be administered.
What is most important for the nurse to do before giving a drug for the first time?
- A. Obtain the patient's allergy history
- B. Obtain information about the drug
- C. Inquire if the patient has any objections to syringes
- D. Discuss the dosage with other nurses
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Before giving any drug for the first time, the nurse should ask the patient about any known allergies as well as any family history of allergies. The nurse need not particularly obtain information about the drug as it has been prescribed by the physician, but needs to be aware of the adverse effects it may cause. There is also no need to discuss the dosage with other nurses or to find out if the client has any objections to syringes. However, the nurse should help allay the patient's fears by reassuring him or her about the administration.
What sites are appropriate for subcutaneous injection? Select all that apply.
- A. Upper arm
- B. Inner forearm
- C. Upper abdomen
- D. Gluteus maximus
- E. Upper thigh
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The sites for subcutaneous injection are the upper arms, the upper abdomen, and the upper thighs.