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When assessing a client with a history of asthma, which of the following factors should the nurse identify as a risk for asthma?
- A. Gender
- B. Environmental allergies
- C. Alcohol
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When assessing a client with a history of asthma, the nurse should identify environmental allergies as a risk factor for asthma. Environmental allergens such as pollen, dust mites, mold, and pet dander can trigger asthma symptoms and exacerbate the condition. Gender, alcohol consumption, and other factors may not directly contribute to the development or exacerbation of asthma.
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The client is receiving discharge teaching for a new prescription of phenelzine. The nurse should instruct the client that it is not safe to eat which of the following foods while taking this medication?
- A. whole grain bread
- B. Avocados
- C. Smoked salmon
- D. Pepperoni pizza
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Avocados contain high levels of tyramine, which can cause a hypertensive crisis when consumed with phenelzine, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). It is essential for clients taking MAOIs to avoid foods rich in tyramine to prevent dangerous interactions and potential health risks.
A client has global aphasia affecting both receptive and expressive language abilities. Which intervention should NOT be included in the client's care plan?
- A. Speak to the client at a slower rate.
- B. Assist the client in using flash cards with pictures.
- C. Speak to the client in a loud voice.
- D. Give instructions one step at a time.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Individuals with global aphasia have difficulty understanding and expressing language. Speaking loudly may not improve comprehension and can be perceived as aggressive. Therefore, it is important not to speak loudly to a client with global aphasia. Speaking at a slower rate, using visual aids like flash cards, and breaking down instructions into simple steps can facilitate communication and understanding for the client.
A client is being educated by a healthcare provider on the purpose of taking a bronchodilator. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. ''This medication can decrease my immune response.''
- B. ''I take this medication to prevent asthma attacks.''
- C. ''I need to take this medication with food.''
- D. ''This medication has a slow onset to treat my symptoms.''
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is, 'I take this medication to prevent asthma attacks.' Bronchodilators are commonly used to relieve bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma. This medication helps to dilate the airways, making it easier to breathe and preventing asthma attacks. The other options are incorrect: option A is inaccurate as bronchodilators do not decrease immune responses, option C is incorrect as bronchodilators are typically taken on an empty stomach for better absorption, and option D is false as bronchodilators have a rapid onset to provide quick relief of symptoms.
A healthcare professional is caring for a client who is experiencing respiratory distress. Which of the following early manifestations of hypoxemia should the professional recognize?
- A. Confusion
- B. Pale skin
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pale skin is an early manifestation of hypoxemia due to decreased oxygenation of the blood. The skin may appear pale as the body redirects blood flow to vital organs in response to low oxygen levels. Confusion, bradycardia, and hypotension may occur as hypoxemia worsens, but pale skin is one of the initial signs that healthcare professionals should recognize when assessing a client experiencing respiratory distress.
A client is being cared for by a nurse 2 hours after admission. The client has an SaO2 of 91%, exhibits audible wheezes, and is using accessory muscles when breathing. Which of the following classes of medication should the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Antibiotic
- B. Beta-blocker
- C. Antiviral
- D. Beta2 agonist
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client's presentation with an SaO2 of 91%, audible wheezes, and use of accessory muscles indicates respiratory distress, likely due to bronchoconstriction. Beta2 agonists are the appropriate class of medications to administer in this situation as they act as bronchodilators, helping to relieve the bronchoconstriction and improve airflow to the lungs. Antibiotics, beta-blockers, and antivirals are not indicated for this client's respiratory distress symptoms.