Nokea
When assessing a client's readiness to learn before planning teaching activities, which question should the nurse ask?
- A. What kind of work and leisure activities do you do?
- B. What information do you think you need right now?
- C. Do you have any religious beliefs that are inconsistent with the treatment?
- D. Can you describe the types of activities that help you learn new information?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Motivation and readiness to learn depend on what the client values and perceives as important. The other questions are also important in developing the teaching plan, but do not address what information most interests the client at present.
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After the nurse implements diet instruction for a client with heart disease, the client can explain the information but fails to make the recommended dietary changes. Which of the following statements reflects the correct evaluation of the intervention?
- A. Learning did not occur because the client's behaviour did not change.
- B. Choosing not to follow the diet is the behaviour that resulted from learning.
- C. The nursing responsibility for helping the client make dietary changes has been fulfilled.
- D. The teaching methods were ineffective in helping the client learn the dietary information.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Although the client's behaviour has not changed, the client's ability to explain the information indicates that learning has occurred and the client is choosing at this time to continue with the previous diet. The client may be in the contemplation or preparation state in the Transtheoretical Model. The nurse should reinforce the need for change and continue to provide information and assistance with planning for change.
A client with poor circulation to the feet requires teaching about foot care. Which learning goal should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. The nurse will demonstrate the proper technique for trimming toenails.
- B. The client will list three ways to protect the feet from injury by discharge.
- C. The nurse will instruct the client on appropriate foot care before discharge.
- D. The client will understand the rationale for proper foot care after instruction.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Learning goals should state clear, measurable outcomes of what is to be accomplished from the learning process. Demonstrating a proper technique or providing instruction are actions that the nurse will take, rather than behaviours that would indicate if client learning has occurred. Having the client understand the rationale for proper foot care after instruction is an example of a learning outcome.
The nurse is preparing written handouts to be used as part of the standardized teaching plan for clients who have been recently diagnosed with diabetes and requires an awareness of literacy levels. Which of the following literacy levels is generally reflective of students who graduate from high school?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 3
- D. 4
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: People with Level 3 literacy have the minimum skills necessary for everyday life in a complex society, such as graduation from high school. People with Level 1 literacy have very poor skills; for example, they were unable to determine the correct dose of medication from information on the package. People with Level 2 literacy require material to be simple and clearly laid out, and only tasks that are not too complex are to be included in learning material. People with Levels 4 and 5 literacy had higher order skills in information processing.
While admitting a client to the medical unit, the nurse learns that the client has difficulty reading. This information will guide the nurse in determining which of the following strategies would be the most appropriate when planning for client teaching?
- A. Assessing the degree of client motivation and readiness to learn
- B. Deciding what information the client will be able to understand
- C. Ensuring that the family be included in the teaching process
- D. Choosing which instructional strategies should be used in teaching
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The information that the client has poor health literacy skills indicates that the nurse should avoid the use of written materials in teaching and choose other strategies. The client does not indicate a lack of motivation or an inability to understand new information. The client's lack of reading ability does not necessarily imply that the family must be included in the teaching process.
A client with newly diagnosed breast cancer has a nursing diagnosis of deficient knowledge related to insufficient information (about breast cancer). When the nurse is planning teaching for the client, which is the most important initial learning goal?
- A. The client will select the most appropriate breast cancer therapy.
- B. The client will state ways of preventing the recurrence of the tumour.
- C. The client will demonstrate coping skills needed to manage the disease.
- D. The client will choose methods to minimize adverse effects of treatment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adults learn best when given information that can be used immediately. The first action the client will need to take after a cancer diagnosis is to choose a treatment option. The other goals may be appropriate as treatment progresses.