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When assessing a neonate born at 38 weeks of gestation, the nurse records his weight as 8 pounds, 10 ounces. What will the nurse consider this newborn?
- A. Term
- B. Small for gestational age
- C. Large for gestational age
- D. Late preterm
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Term infants over 4000 g (8.8 lb) may be classified as large for gestational age (LGA).
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An infant receives surfactant via endotracheal (ET) tube at birth for symptoms of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). When will the nurse anticipate seeing improvement of lung function?
- A. Immediately
- B. Within 3 days
- C. 1 to 2 weeks
- D. At least 1 month
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In preterm newborns, surfactant can be administered via ET tube at birth or when symptoms of RDS occur, with improvement of lung function seen within 72 hours.
The mother of a 4-month-old infant, born prematurely, asks the nurse if her daughter will always be small for her age. What is the most appropriate nursing response?
- A. Preterm infants usually remain smaller than term infants throughout childhood.'
- B. Your daughter will be the same size as other children by the time she is 1 year old.'
- C. Prematurity is associated with short stature but does not affect weight gain.'
- D. It takes about two years for the preterm infant to catch up to a full-term infant.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the absence of severe birth defects and complications, the growth rate of the preterm newborn nears that of the term infant by about the second year.
What term describes the age of a neonate that is based on the actual time in utero?
- A. Maturational age
- B. Gestational age
- C. Neurological age
- D. Chronological age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The gestational age is the age based on the actual time in the uterus.
What symptoms of cold stress might the nurse recognize in a preterm infant?
- A. Tremors and weak cry
- B. Plasma glucose level below 40 mg/dL
- C. Warm skin with low core temperature
- D. Increased respiratory rate and periods of apnea
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Signs of cold stress include increased respiratory rate with periods of apnea, decreased skin temperature, bradycardia, mottling of skin, and lethargy.
Why is the postterm neonate at risk for cold stress?
- A. Inadequate vernix caseosa
- B. Hypoxia from a deteriorated placenta
- C. Polycythemia
- D. Fat stores have been used in utero for nourishment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fat stores have been used in utero for nourishment during the extended pregnancy.