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When assessing the effectiveness of leflunomide (Arava) in a client with rheumatoid arthritis, which question should the nurse ask during data collection?
- A. Do you have any joint pain?
- B. Are you having any diarrhea?
- C. Do you have frequent headaches?
- D. Are you experiencing heartburn?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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A client with hypertension is prescribed losartan (Cozaar). Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. Avoid foods high in potassium.
- B. Take the medication with grapefruit juice.
- C. Monitor blood pressure weekly.
- D. Report any swelling of the lips or face.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed losartan (Cozaar) is to report any swelling of the lips or face. Losartan can cause angioedema, which is a serious side effect that requires immediate medical attention. Clients do not need to avoid potassium-rich foods unless specifically instructed by their healthcare provider. Taking the medication with grapefruit juice is not recommended as it can interact with certain medications. Additionally, monitoring blood pressure regularly is important, but it should not be limited to a weekly basis; blood pressure should be monitored as per the healthcare provider's recommendation.
A client is prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) for hyperlipidemia. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. Take the medication in the morning.
- B. Avoid consuming grapefruit juice.
- C. Increase intake of dairy products.
- D. Take the medication with food.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include in the teaching plan is to advise the client to avoid consuming grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can increase the risk of atorvastatin (Lipitor) toxicity by inhibiting its metabolism. Atorvastatin is typically taken in the evening because cholesterol synthesis occurs at night. Increasing dairy intake is not specifically recommended for atorvastatin use, and the medication can be taken with or without food.
The client with a gastric ulcer has a prescription for sucralfate (Carafate), 1 g by mouth four times daily. The nurse schedules the medication for which times?
- A. With meals and at bedtime
- B. Every 6 hours around the clock
- C. One hour after meals and at bedtime
- D. One hour before meals and at bedtime
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sucralfate is a gastric protectant that forms a protective coating over the ulcer. Administering sucralfate 1 hour before meals and at bedtime is important to create a barrier that protects the ulcer from gastric acid and mechanical irritation. This timing allows sucralfate to effectively coat the ulcer site and provide the desired therapeutic effect, enhancing its efficacy in promoting ulcer healing and symptom relief.
A client is being cared for by a nurse due to severe back pain, and codeine sulfate has been prescribed. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care while the client is taking this medication?
- A. Restrict fluid intake.
- B. Monitor bowel activity.
- C. Monitor for hypertension.
- D. Monitor peripheral pulses.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A client with hyperparathyroidism has a serum calcium level of 13 mg/dL. Which medication should be prepared to administer as prescribed to the client?
- A. Calcium chloride
- B. Calcium gluconate
- C. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
- D. Large doses of vitamin D
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The normal serum calcium level ranges from 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. In hypercalcemia, as seen in this client, Calcitonin (Miacalcin) is used to decrease plasma calcium levels by inhibiting bone resorption. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are typically used for hypocalcemia, not hypercalcemia. Large doses of vitamin D should be avoided in hypercalcemia as they can exacerbate hypercalcemia by increasing calcium absorption from the intestines.