Nokea
When caring for a client with acute renal failure, which laboratory value is most important to monitor?
- A. Serum sodium
- B. Serum potassium
- C. Serum calcium
- D. Serum chloride
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Serum potassium. In acute renal failure, impaired kidney function can lead to electrolyte imbalances, especially hyperkalemia which can be life-threatening. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent cardiac complications. Serum sodium (A) may be altered, but potassium is more critical. Serum calcium (C) and chloride (D) levels are important but not as directly impacted in acute renal failure compared to potassium.
You may also like to solve these questions
A 54-year-old client has cholelithiasis and is admitted for an elective cholecystectomy. The client is 5 feet 3 inches tall, weighs 205 pounds, and has smoked one pack of cigarettes per day for 35 years. The client will be NPO at midnight. When the client's spouse asks why the client cannot have breakfast the morning before surgery, the nurse should explain:
- A. Your spouse is a good-sized person and it won't hurt to miss breakfast.
- B. Eating breakfast and having food in the stomach could cause vomiting and aspiration during surgery.
- C. Your spouse will be too busy in the morning preparing for surgery to have time to eat breakfast.
- D. Not eating breakfast will prevent fecal contamination of the abdominal operative site.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client's size has nothing to do with an NPO status. Clients are at greatest risk for aspiration and vomiting during surgery when food and/or liquids are in the stomach. Preparation on the morning of surgery is time consuming, but it does not affect a client's NPO status. The gallbladder lies under the surface of the liver and is a part of the biliary tract, not the intestinal tract. Cholecystectomy does not involve the intestinal tract or its contents.
The nurse is caring for a client with benign prostatic hypertrophy. Which of the following assessments would the nurse anticipate finding?
- A. Large volume of urinary output with each voiding.
- B. Involuntary voiding with coughing and sneezing.
- C. Frequent urination.
- D. Urine is dark and concentrated.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Frequent urination is common due to urethral obstruction.
What nursing action is most important initially for Ms. Jenkins with pneumococcal pneumonia?
- A. Administer humidified oxygen, as ordered
- B. Obtain an order for aspirin
- C. Auscultate the posterior basal segments for rales and rhonchi
- D. Explain the diagnosis to the patient
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oxygen therapy addresses hypoxemia, a primary concern in pneumonia.
What are manifestations of obsessive-compulsive disorder?
- A. High blood pressure
- B. Increased heart rate
- C. Decreased oxygen supply
- D. Muscle relaxation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it is the most appropriate response based on physiological and medical principles.
What should the nurse do while dealing with older adults who lose the ability to hear at high-pitched ranges?
- A. Lower the voice pitch.
- B. Insert a stethoscope in the client’s ears.
- C. Use a magic slate or chalkboard.
- D. Ensure that the hearing aid is in good working order.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lowering the voice pitch accommodates age-related hearing loss, improving communication clarity.