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When conducting a health history with a female client with thyrotoxicosis, the nurse should ask about which of the following changes in the menstrual cycle?
- A. Dysmenorrhea.
- B. Metrorrhagia.
- C. Oligomenorrhea.
- D. Menorrhagia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thyrotoxicosis increases metabolism, which can lead to decreased menstrual flow or oligomenorrhea (infrequent menstruation). Dysmenorrhea (painful periods), metrorrhagia (irregular bleeding), and menorrhagia (heavy bleeding) are less commonly associated with thyrotoxicosis.
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In addition to nausea and severe flank pain, a female client with renal calculi has pain in the groin and bladder. The nurse should assess the client further for six years of:
- A. Nephritis.
- B. Referred pain.
- C. Urine retention.
- D. Additional stone formation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Groin and bladder pain in renal calculi often indicate referred pain from the stone's movement or irritation along the urinary tract.
A client has just had an inguinal herniorrhaphy. Which of the following instructions would be most appropriate to include in his discharge plan?
- A. Turning, coughing, and deep breathing every 2 hours.
- B. Applying an ice bag to the scrotum.
- C. Raising the scrotum with a support.
- D. Remaining in a high Fowler's position while resting.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Applying an ice bag to the scrotum reduces swelling and discomfort post-inguinal herniorrhaphy. Turning and breathing are general postoperative care, scrotal support is not specified, and high Fowler's position is not necessary. CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Synthesize
The nurse observes that an older female has small to moderate, distended and tortuous veins running along the inner aspect of her lower legs. The nurse should:
- A. Apply a half-leg pneumatic compression device
- B. Suggest the client contact her physician
- C. Assess the client for foot ulcers
- D. Encourage the client to avoid standing in one position for long periods of time
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Distended, tortuous veins suggest varic varicose veins. Avoiding prolonged standing reduces venous pooling and symptom progression. Applying compression devices requires a prescription, contacting a physician is premature, and foot ulcers are not indicated by the description.
A terminally ill 82-year-old client in hospice care is experiencing nausea and vomiting because of a partial bowel obstruction. To respect the client's wishes for conservative management of the nausea and vomiting, the nurse should recommend the use of:
- A. A nasogastric (NG) suction tube.
- B. I.V. antiemetics.
- C. Antibiotic laxatives.
- D. A clear liquid diet.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: I.V. antiemetics are a conservative, effective way to manage nausea and vomiting in hospice care, aligning with the client's preference for non-invasive treatment.
Which of the following goals is a priority for a client who has undergone surgery for retinal detachment?
- A. Control pain.
- B. Prevent an increase in intraocular pressure.
- C. Follow a low-sodium diet.
- D. Maintain a darkened environment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preventing an increase in intraocular pressure is the priority to protect the surgical repair and prevent complications like re-detachment or hemorrhage.