Nokea
When considering a bone marrow transplant for a client with leukemia, which ethical principle pertains to minimizing harm to the client?
- A. Justice
- B. Nonmaleficence
- C. Autonomy
- D. Beneficence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nonmaleficence. Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle that emphasizes the obligation to do no harm, making it crucial in medical decision-making. In the context of a bone marrow transplant for a client with leukemia, the primary concern is to minimize harm and avoid causing any unnecessary suffering or adverse effects. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect: Justice relates to fairness in resource allocation and treatment decisions, Autonomy involves respecting the patient's right to make decisions about their own care, and Beneficence refers to the obligation to act in the patient's best interest and promote their well-being, which may involve some level of risk or harm for overall benefit.
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A healthcare provider writes a medication order that seems excessively high for the patient's condition. What is the nurse's first step?
- A. Administer the medication immediately.
- B. Hold the medication and consult the provider.
- C. Reduce the dose without consulting the provider.
- D. Administer the medication after double-checking with another nurse.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct first step for the nurse when encountering a medication order that appears excessively high for the patient's condition is to hold the medication and consult the provider. Administering the medication immediately (Choice A) without clarification could pose a risk to the patient's safety. Reducing the dose without consulting the provider (Choice C) is not recommended as it may lead to suboptimal treatment. Administering the medication after double-checking with another nurse (Choice D) is not sufficient; consulting the provider directly is crucial to ensure the accuracy and safety of the medication order.
A patient reports feeling dizzy when standing up. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
- A. Encourage the patient to take deep breaths.
- B. Assist the patient to sit down slowly.
- C. Instruct the patient to use a walker for support.
- D. Teach the patient how to change positions safely.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to assist the patient to sit down slowly. This intervention is appropriate for a patient experiencing dizziness when standing up, as it helps prevent falls due to orthostatic hypotension. Encouraging deep breaths (Choice A) may not address the underlying cause of dizziness, which is related to postural changes. Instructing the patient to use a walker for support (Choice C) or teaching the patient how to change positions safely (Choice D) are not the most immediate and direct interventions to address the immediate risk of falling when feeling dizzy upon standing.
What is the most appropriate action for a healthcare provider to take when a patient is at risk for falls?
- A. Place the call light within the patient's reach.
- B. Apply a yellow fall risk bracelet to the patient.
- C. Assist the patient when ambulating.
- D. Ensure the patient's room is well-lit.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to apply a yellow fall risk bracelet to the patient. This action helps alert staff to the patient's increased risk of falling, prompting them to implement appropriate safety measures and precautions. Placing the call light within reach (choice A) is generally important but does not specifically address fall risk. Assisting the patient when ambulating (choice C) is important but may not be sufficient alone to prevent falls. Ensuring the patient's room is well-lit (choice D) is also crucial for patient safety but does not directly address the patient's fall risk status.
A client is preparing for a surgical procedure but refuses to remove religious jewelry. What is the best course of action?
- A. Proceed with surgery and document the refusal.
- B. Ask the client for permission to secure the jewelry.
- C. Remove the jewelry and store it safely.
- D. Postpone the surgery until the jewelry is removed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best course of action is to ask the client for permission to secure the jewelry. This respects the client's religious beliefs while also ensuring that the jewelry does not interfere during the surgical procedure. Proceeding with surgery without addressing the presence of the jewelry can lead to complications or distress for the client. Removing the jewelry without consent or postponing the surgery solely due to the presence of religious jewelry are not appropriate actions in this situation.
A nurse notices another nurse skipping hand hygiene. What is the appropriate course of action?
- A. Ignore the situation to maintain team harmony.
- B. Report the behavior to the supervisor.
- C. Discuss the issue with the nurse directly.
- D. Do nothing and continue with patient care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct hand hygiene is crucial for preventing the spread of infections and ensuring patient safety. When a nurse observes another healthcare worker skipping hand hygiene practices, it is essential to report this behavior to the supervisor. Reporting ensures that appropriate action is taken to address the issue and maintain a safe environment for patients. Ignoring the situation (Choice A) may compromise patient safety. Discussing the issue directly with the nurse (Choice C) may not always be effective in ensuring compliance. Doing nothing and continuing with patient care (Choice D) disregards the importance of infection control protocols.