Nokea
When dealing with a fracture of the leg, the correct procedure is to:
- A. Keep the leg still and immobilize it with a splint
- B. Encourage the person to walk
- C. Move the leg to realign the bones
- D. Apply heat to the affected area
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale A: Correct, immobilization prevents harm. Rationale B: Incorrect, walking risks damage. Rationale C: Incorrect, realignment is for experts. Rationale D: Incorrect, heat worsens swelling.
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What is the initial step in disaster management?
- A. Preparedness
- B. Response
- C. Recovery
- D. Mitigation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The initial step in disaster management is mitigation (D), which focuses on reducing risks before disasters occur through measures like strengthening infrastructure and enforcing building codes, per FEMA's disaster management cycle. Preparedness (A) follows, then response (B), and recovery (C).
The first step in performing CPR on an adult is to:
- A. Deliver rescue breaths
- B. Administer a shock using an AED
- C. Check for responsiveness and call for help
- D. Perform abdominal thrusts
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale A: Incorrect, breaths follow assessment. Rationale B: Incorrect, AED use follows CPR start. Rationale C: Correct, checking responsiveness and calling for help initiate CPR protocol. Rationale D: Incorrect, thrusts are for choking.
Which activity must be completed before on-scene triage?
- A. A Joint Information Center (JIC) has been established.
- B. Incident Commander must be in place.
- C. Privacy is assured.
- D. Scene safety has been assured.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Scene safety (D) must be assured before triage to protect responders and victims, per ICS and triage protocols. JIC (A), Incident Commander (B), and privacy (C) follow or are secondary.
While screening for diabetes at a community clinic, a CHN found out that a new client had type 2 diabetes. The CHN then provided counselling, referred the client to an endocrinologist for initial assessment and treatment, helped with arrangements for financial assistance, arranged transportation, and booked a follow-up appointment. What role is this type of service most representative of?
- A. Case management
- B. Client advocacy
- C. Holistic care
- D. Wrap-around services
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Case management (A) coordinates care, referrals, and support, per nursing roles. Advocacy (B) focuses on rights, holistic care (C) is broader, and wrap-around (D) is similar but less specific.
Which measure of community health will the CHN who wishes to assess the process of community health examine?
- A. Health resource use patterns, such as bed occupancy days and client/provider visits
- B. Health risk profiles of selected aggregates
- C. Incidence and prevalence of leading causes of mortality and morbidity
- D. Participation of individual and group health care providers in local organizations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale A: Correct, resource use patterns evaluate healthcare delivery processes. Rationale B: Incorrect, risk profiles assess status, not process. Rationale C: Incorrect, incidence/prevalence is outcome, not process. Rationale D: Incorrect, participation is engagement, not process.