Nokea
When describing the autonomic nervous system to a group of nursing students, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which body function as being controlled by this system?
- A. Heart rate
- B. Muscle movement
- C. Blood pressure
- D. Glandular secretions
- E. GI activity
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, glandular secretions, and gastrointestinal (GI) activity. Muscle movement is primarily controlled by the somatic nervous system.
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A client is prescribed dopamine. Which of the following would the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
- A. Administering dopamine only via IV route
- B. Maintaining a fixed rate of administration
- C. Monitoring blood pressure every half hour
- D. Diluting dopamine with sodium bicarbonate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dopamine must be administered intravenously to ensure rapid and controlled delivery, with blood pressure monitored frequently to titrate the dose.
A nurse is reviewing the effects of adrenergic drugs on the body. The nurse demonstrates understanding of this group of drugs by identifying that which of the following would occur if the drug stimulates beta-1 receptors?
- A. Vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels
- B. Decreased gastrointestinal tract secretions
- C. Increased force of myocardial contractions
- D. Bronchodilation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Beta-1 receptor stimulation increases heart rate and myocardial contractility, enhancing cardiac output.
A nurse has administered dopamine to a client taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for a seizure disorder. The nurse would closely monitor the client for which adverse reaction?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Tachypnea
- E. Seizures
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The combination of dopamine and phenytoin increases the risk of seizures, hypotension, and bradycardia due to potential drug interactions affecting cardiovascular and neurological systems.
A nurse is reviewing the different types of shock that may occur. The nurse demonstrates understanding of the information when the nurse identifies which of the following as a type of distributive shock?
- A. Cardiogenic-obstructive shock
- B. Septic shock
- C. Hypovolemic shock
- D. Anaphylactic shock
- E. Neurogenic shock
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Distributive shock includes septic, anaphylactic, and neurogenic shock, characterized by widespread vasodilation and maldistribution of blood flow. Cardiogenic and hypovolemic shock are not distributive.
When describing drugs that block or inhibit the sympathetic nervous system, the nurse includes which of the following?
- A. Antiadrenergic drugs
- B. Adrenergic blocking drugs
- C. Adrenergic stimulating drugs
- D. Adrenergic drugs
- E. Sympatholytics
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Antiadrenergic drugs, adrenergic blocking drugs, and sympatholytics are terms used to describe medications that inhibit the sympathetic nervous system by blocking its effects.