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When developing a teaching plan for an adolescent male who was recently diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes mellitus, the nurse should instruct the client to consume a source of sugar if which symptom occurs?
- A. Seeing spots
- B. Profuse perspiration
- C. Racing pulse
- D. Excessive thirst
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Profuse perspiration indicates hypoglycemia, requiring sugar intake to raise blood glucose.
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A 7-year-old child has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. When taking a health history from the child's mother, which recent illness is of most significance?
- A. Chickenpox.
- B. Mumps.
- C. Sore throat.
- D. Influenza.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A recent untreated strep throat can lead to acute rheumatic fever.
The nurse is caring for an adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus who presents with an HbA1c of 11% (97 mmol/mol), thirst, and blurred vision. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Obtain point-of-care glucose.
- B. Assess urine for ketones.
- C. Check blood pressure.
- D. Review prior insulin prescriptions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptoms suggest hyperglycemia; point-of-care glucose testing confirms this and guides treatment.
A newborn, who has had gastroschisis repair, is transferred to the pediatric unit after spending several days in the pediatric intensive care unit. The infant is on parenteral nutrition and continuous enteral feedings. What action should the nurse include in the plan of care to promote the infant's normal growth and development?
- A. Discuss with the healthcare provider about starting physical therapy
- B. Offer a pacifier for non-nutritive sucking
- C. Confirm placement of the enteral tube with an abdominal x-ray
- D. Use sterile technique during feedings .
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Non-nutritive sucking via a pacifier stimulates the sucking reflex and supports feeding development, promoting normal growth.
The nurse is providing education to parents about preventing otitis media recurrence in their infant. Which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Position prone after feeding.
- B. Breastfeed frequently.
- C. Avoid smoke exposure.
- D. Inspect the infant's ears daily.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding smoke exposure reduces eustachian tube irritation, lowering otitis media risk.
A nurse is educating parents about essential dietary modifications for their child, who has recently been diagnosed with celiac disease. Which foods should the nurse include in the list of permissible foods for this child?
- A. Rice
- B. Barley
- C. Rye
- D. Oats
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rice is gluten-free and safe for celiac disease, unlike barley, rye, or most oats.