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When developing the preoperative teaching plan for a 14-month-old child with an undescended testis who is scheduled to have surgery, which of the following methods is appropriate?
- A. Telling the child that his penis and scrotum will be "fixed."
- B. Explaining to the parents how the defect will be corrected.
- C. Telling the child that he will not see any incisions after surgery.
- D. Using an anatomically correct doll to show the child what will be "fixed."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Parents need clear information about the procedure.
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A nurse is planning a diet for a client with cystic fibrosis. Which of the following foods should not be included in the meal plan?
- A. Roasted chicken.
- B. Fried scallops.
- C. Milk shake.
- D. Egg omelet.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fried scallops are high in fat and difficult to digest for a client with cystic fibrosis due to pancreatic insufficiency. A high-calorie, high-protein diet with moderate fat and pancreatic enzyme supplements is more appropriate.
The health care team has noticed an increase in I.V. infiltrations on the pediatric floor. As part of a Plan, Do, Study, Act quality improvement plan the team should do the following in which order?
- A. Analyze the data.
- B. Decide to monitor I.V. gauges.
- C. Perform chart audits.
- D. Write a new I.V. insertion policy.
Correct Answer: B,C,A,D
Rationale: The PDSA cycle involves planning (deciding to monitor), doing (chart audits), studying (analyzing data), and acting (writing a new policy).
A mother of a toilet-trained 3-year-old expresses concern over her child's bedwetting while hospitalized. The nurse should tell the mother:
- A. He was too immature to be toilet trained. In a few months he should be old enough.
- B. Children are afraid in the hospital and frequently wet their bed.
- C. It's very common for children to regress when they're in the hospital.
- D. This is normal. He probably received too much fluid the night before.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regression, such as bedwetting, is common in hospitalized children due to stress.
A child has just ingested about 10 adult-strength acetaminophen (Tylenol) pills. The mother brings the child to the emergency department. What should the nurse do? Place the interventions in the order of priority from first to last.
- A. Administer activated charcoal.
- B. Assess the airway.
- C. Reassure the mother.
- D. Check serum acetaminophen levels.
- E. Obtain information about how the child obtained the pills.
- F. Complete a physical examination.
Correct Answer: B,A,D,C,F,E
Rationale: 1. Assess the airway to ensure patency and stability. 2. Administer activated charcoal to reduce acetaminophen absorption. 3. Check serum acetaminophen levels to guide treatment. 4. Reassure the mother to reduce anxiety. 5. Obtain information about how the child obtained the pills for safety education. 6. Complete a physical examination to assess for other effects.
The nurse should instruct the family of a child with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism to:
- A. Keep their home warmer than usual.
- B. Encourage twenty or outdoor activities.
- C. Promote interactions with one friend instead of groups.
- D. Limit bathing to prevent skin irritation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperthyroidism causes irritability and hyperactivity, so limiting social interactions to one friend reduces overstimulation. Warmer homes, excessive activity, and limited bathing are inappropriate.