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When discussing the use of antianginal drugs for the treatment of cardiac disease, a nurse would expect to include which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Relief of pain of acute anginal attacks
- B. Reduction in serum triglyceride levels
- C. Prevention of anginal attacks
- D. Elevation of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
- E. Treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Antianginal drugs are used to relieve the pain of acute anginal attacks, prevent anginal attacks, and treat chronic stable angina pectoris. Antianginals have no effect on HDLs or triglycerides.
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When applying nitroglycerin ointment, which of the following would be appropriate? Select all that apply.
- A. Wear plastic disposable gloves.
- B. Apply entire tube of ointment to client's skin.
- C. Use the same application site each time ointment is applied.
- D. Cleanse the area of skin before application
- E. Use the upper arms and legs for application
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: The nurse should wear plastic gloves while administering ointment and use application paper to measure and apply ointment to the client's chest, abdomen, or upper arms and legs. The application site should be rotated and cleansed with each application.
A nurse is preparing to administer nitroglycerin intravenously. Which of the following would be important for the nurse to keep in mind? Select all that apply.
- A. Using glass bottles
- B. Using non-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) infusion sets
- C. Administering the drug as an IV bolus
- D. Diluting the drug with normal saline
- E. Using a gravity flow rate of infusion
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: When administering IV nitroglycerin, the nurse should dilute it with normal saline or 5% dextrose in water, administer the drug by continuous infusion using an infusion pump for accuracy, and use glass IV bottles and non-PVC infusion sets. The dose is regulated based on client response.
A client is being discharged after being treated with nitroglycerin for an acute anginal attack. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the client regarding the administration of nitroglycerin ointment?
- A. Apply a thick layer of the ointment.
- B. Rub the ointment onto the skin.
- C. Use an applicator for applying the ointment.
- D. Apply on the same site during every application.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to use an applicator for applying the nitroglycerin ointment. The ointment should not come in contact with the skin of the person applying it, as it gets easily absorbed. The nurse should instruct the client to apply a thin layer of the ointment on the skin using an applicator.
When instructing the client on how to use the prescribed nitroglycerin ointment, the nurse would tell the client to use which of the following to determine the amount?
- A. A teaspoon
- B. Length of a finger
- C. Paper applicator
- D. The size of the previous dose
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The topical ointment is supplied with a paper applicator to determine the amount of drug to be used. No other method is appropriate.
A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed transdermal nitroglycerin for angina. The nurse instructs the client to apply the patch for how long?
- A. 4 to 6 hours
- B. 6 to 8 hours
- C. 10 to 12 hours
- D. 12 to 14 hours
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The transdermal nitroglycerin patch should be applied every day for 10 to 12 hours. If the patch is applied for a shorter time, the therapeutic dosage may not be delivered. Applying the patch for a longer time will result in the development of tolerance to the antianginal effects.