FNP Pediatric Practice Questions

FNP Pediatric Practice Questions Related

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When doing a nutritional assessment on a Hispanic family, the nurse learns that their diet consists mainly of vegetables, legumes, and starches. How should the nurse assess this diet?

  • A. Indicates they live in poverty
  • B. Is lacking in protein
  • C. May provide sufficient amino acids
  • D. Should be enriched with meat and milk
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should assess that the diet of the Hispanic family, which consists mainly of vegetables, legumes, and starches, may provide sufficient amino acids. While this diet may lack animal sources of protein commonly found in meat and milk, plant-based foods like legumes and grains can complement each other to provide all essential amino acids necessary for protein synthesis in the body. This combination of foods essentially forms a complete protein source, supporting overall nutritional needs. It's important for the nurse to recognize the potential nutritional value in the diet and offer education on balanced meal planning to ensure adequate protein intake for the family. The assessment should focus on the overall nutrient adequacy and not solely on the presence of specific food items.

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The nurse notes that a child has lost 8 pounds after 4 days of hospitalization for acute glomerulonephritis. What is most likely the cause of the weight loss?

  • A. Poor appetite
  • B. Increased potassium intake
  • C. Reduction of edema
  • D. Restriction to bed rest
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The child most likely lost 8 pounds due to a reduction of edema. Acute glomerulonephritis is a condition that can lead to significant fluid retention in the body, causing edema (swelling). When the child was hospitalized and received treatment, such as diuretics, to address the underlying cause of the edema, the excess fluid and weight would be lost. This reduction in edema is the most common reason for weight loss in this scenario, rather than poor appetite, increased potassium intake, or restriction to bed rest.

a school-age child is admitted in vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis. the child's care should include which of the following?

  • A. correction of acidosis.
  • B. adequate hydration, pain management.
  • C. pain management, administration of heparin.
  • D. adequate oxygenation, replacement of factor viii
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis, it is crucial to focus on adequate hydration and pain management. Hydration is essential to prevent further sickling of red blood cells, which can exacerbate tissue damage and pain. Pain management is a key aspect of care as vaso-occlusive crises often cause severe pain that requires prompt and effective treatment. Administering heparin is not indicated in a vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis as it is primarily used for conditions like deep vein thrombosis. Correcting acidosis and replacing factor VIII are also not typically part of the management of a vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis.

The major pharmacologic action of albuterol sulfate (Proventil HFA) is:

  • A. decreasing airway reactivity.
  • B. decreasing inflammation and airway obstruction.
  • C. improving the action of cilia to sweep trapped mucous upward.
  • D. relaxing constricted bronchial smooth muscle.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Albuterol acts as a beta-2 agonist, relaxing bronchial smooth muscle to relieve airway constriction.

One of the complications of prolonged bed rest is decubitus ulcer. Which of the following can best prevent its occurrence?

  • A. Massage reddened areas with lotion or oils
  • B. Use special water mattress
  • C. Turn frequently every 2 hours
  • D. Keep skin clean and dry
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Turning the patient frequently every 2 hours helps relieve pressure on specific areas of the body, hence reducing the risk of developing decubitus ulcers. Prolonged pressure on the skin can lead to poor blood circulation and tissue damage, which can eventually progress into decubitus ulcers. By turning the patient regularly, the pressure is redistributed and different areas of the skin are relieved from constant stress. This simple measure is an effective way to prevent the occurrence of decubitus ulcers in patients on prolonged bed rest.

Whoch of the ff. is a desired outcome for the nursing diagnosis of acute pain for a patient with acute thrombophlebitis?

  • A. States anxiety is decreased
  • B. States pain is satisfactorily relieved c.Is able to participate in desired activities
  • C. Reports ability to ambulate without pain
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A desired outcome for the nursing diagnosis of acute pain related to acute thrombophlebitis would be for the patient to be able to participate in desired activities. By achieving pain relief and being able to engage in activities they enjoy or find important, the patient's overall quality of life can be improved. This outcome focuses on enhancing the patient's ability to function and maintain independence despite the pain associated with the thrombophlebitis. It reflects a holistic approach to care that considers the patient's physical, emotional, and social well-being. Ultimately, the goal is to help the patient achieve a level of comfort and mobility that allows them to resume their desired activities.

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