Nokea
When explaining exercise in type 1 diabetes to the parents of a newly diagnosed child, what should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Exercise will increase blood glucose levels
- B. Exercise should be restricted
- C. Extra snacks are needed before exercise
- D. Extra insulin is required during exercise
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In children with type 1 diabetes, it is essential to emphasize the need for extra snacks before exercise to prevent hypoglycemia. Choice A is incorrect because exercise typically lowers blood glucose levels, not increases them. Choice B is inappropriate as exercise is beneficial but needs to be managed carefully. Choice D is inaccurate as extra insulin during exercise can lead to hypoglycemia.
You may also like to solve these questions
An instructor is developing a plan for a class of nursing students on various skin disorders. When describing urticaria, what would the instructor include?
- A. It is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction.
- B. Histamine release leads to vasodilation.
- C. Wheals appear first followed by erythema.
- D. The nonpruritic rash blanches with pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Urticaria is a type I hypersensitivity reaction, not type IV. When triggered, histamine release leads to vasodilation, causing characteristic wheals. Wheals are typically followed by erythema. The rash in urticaria is pruritic and does blanch with pressure, unlike the nonpruritic rash described in choice D. Therefore, the most appropriate description of urticaria includes histamine release and vasodilation, as stated in choice B.
What is an early sign of congestive heart failure that the nurse should recognize?
- A. tachypnea
- B. bradycardia
- C. inability to sweat
- D. increased urinary output
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tachypnea is an early sign of congestive heart failure that nurses should recognize. Tachypnea refers to rapid breathing, which can be an indication of the body's attempt to compensate for decreased cardiac output in congestive heart failure. Bradycardia (choice B) is a slow heart rate and is not typically associated with congestive heart failure. Inability to sweat (choice C) and increased urinary output (choice D) are not specific early signs of congestive heart failure and are not typically recognized as such.
When planning the discharge of a child who had surgery for a congenital heart defect, what is an important aspect of the discharge teaching?
- A. Teaching the parents about signs of infection
- B. Providing instructions on wound care
- C. Scheduling follow-up appointments
- D. Explaining the use of prescribed medications
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Explaining the use of prescribed medications is crucial because it helps ensure proper management of the child's condition after discharge. While teaching the parents about signs of infection and providing instructions on wound care are important aspects of postoperative care, they are not as critical as ensuring the correct understanding and administration of prescribed medications. Scheduling follow-up appointments is also important but does not directly impact the immediate post-discharge care and medication adherence.
A child sitting on a chair in a playroom starts to have a tonic-clonic seizure with a clenched jaw. What is the nurse's best initial action?
- A. Attempt to open the jaw.
- B. Place the child on the floor.
- C. Call out for assistance from staff.
- D. Place a pillow under the child's head.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best initial action during a tonic-clonic seizure is to place the child on the floor. This action helps prevent injury by providing a safe environment and allows for better management of the seizure episode. Attempting to open the jaw is not recommended as it may cause harm to the child or the nurse. Calling out for assistance is important but should not delay ensuring the child's safety first. Placing a pillow under the child's head is not advisable during a seizure as it can pose a risk of suffocation or choking.
When evaluating the laboratory report of a 1-year-old infant's hematocrit, a healthcare professional compares it with the expected hematocrit range for this age group. What is the hematocrit of a healthy 12-month-old infant?
- A. 19% to 32%
- B. 29% to 41%
- C. 37% to 47%
- D. 42% to 69%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 37% to 47%. The normal hematocrit range for a 12-month-old infant is between 37% to 47%, which reflects the expected blood volume and red blood cell levels for this age. Choice A (19% to 32%) and Choice B (29% to 41%) are too low and do not encompass the typical hematocrit range for a healthy 1-year-old. Choice D (42% to 69%) is too high and falls outside the usual hematocrit values for this age group.