Nokea
When instructing the parents of a toddler with iron deficiency anemia about the importance of increasing iron in the toddler's diet, which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the parents to include in the toddler's diet?
- A. Pasta
- B. Vitamin D milk
- C. Dried fruits
- D. Green leafy vegetables
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dried fruits. Dried fruits are a good source of iron, which is essential for treating iron deficiency anemia in toddlers. They provide a concentrated amount of iron in a small serving size, making them convenient for toddlers. Pasta (A) does not contain significant amounts of iron. Vitamin D milk (B) is important for bone health but does not provide a substantial amount of iron. Green leafy vegetables (D) are a good source of iron, but they may be harder for toddlers to eat compared to dried fruits.
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Which are appropriate actions to manage a hospitalized child with hemophilia? (Select all that apply).
- A. Administer Factor VII for bleeding crises
- B. Administer platelets for bleeding crises
- C. Avoid unnecessary skin punctures
- D. Administer Ibuprofen for complaints of discomfort
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The correct answers are A and C. Administering Factor VII helps in managing bleeding crises in hemophiliac patients. Factor VII aids in clotting, essential for stopping bleeding. Avoiding unnecessary skin punctures reduces the risk of bleeding episodes in hemophilia patients. Platelets (B) and Ibuprofen (D) are not appropriate for managing hemophilia. Platelets do not address the underlying clotting factor deficiency in hemophilia, and Ibuprofen can worsen bleeding due to its antiplatelet effects.
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is postoperative and received morphine via IV bolus for pain 10 min ago. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority?
- A. Constipation
- B. Sedation
- C. Bradypnea
- D. Euphoria
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bradypnea. This is the priority finding because morphine, an opioid, can cause respiratory depression leading to bradypnea or slow breathing. Monitoring the child's respiratory status is crucial to prevent respiratory compromise or arrest. A: Constipation is a common side effect but not an immediate concern. B: Sedation is expected after receiving morphine but not as critical as respiratory depression. D: Euphoria is a possible side effect but not as concerning as respiratory depression. Thus, the priority is to monitor for signs of respiratory depression to ensure the child's safety.
An 18-month-old patient with Down's Syndrome has a history of mild pulmonary hypertension which requires a daily dose of Furosemide (Lasix). The mother is questioning if the new dose is correct after an adjustment at the child's last Cardiology visit. The child weighs 22 pounds and the dosing for furosemide (Lasix) for this child 2mg/kg/dose. What is the appropriate dose of Furosemide Lasix for this child?
- A. 44 mg/dose
- B. 28 mg/dose
- C. 20 mg/dose
- D. 10 mg/dose
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct dose of Furosemide (Lasix) for this child is 20 mg/dose. To calculate the appropriate dose, we first convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms (22 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 10 kg). Then, we multiply the weight by the recommended dose of 2 mg/kg (10 kg x 2 mg/kg = 20 mg/dose). This calculation ensures proper dosing based on the child's weight. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the correct dosage calculation based on the child's weight.
Signs of digoxin toxicity include of the following (Select all that apply):
- A. Vomiting
- B. Poor feeding
- C. Constipation
- D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The correct signs of digoxin toxicity are vomiting, poor feeding, and bradycardia. Vomiting is a common early sign due to the drug's effect on the gastrointestinal system. Poor feeding can occur as a result of nausea and anorexia. Bradycardia is a classic sign of digoxin toxicity due to its effect on cardiac function. Constipation is not typically associated with digoxin toxicity. In summary, A, B, and D are correct as they align with the expected symptoms of digoxin toxicity, whereas C is incorrect as constipation is not a common sign.
The nurse understands that the pathophysiology of a thermal injury includes (Select All that Apply):
- A. Hematuria
- B. Edema
- C. Hypovolemia
- D. Anemia
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: The correct answers are B: Edema and C: Hypovolemia. Edema occurs due to increased capillary permeability after a thermal injury, leading to fluid leakage into tissues. Hypovolemia results from fluid shift out of the blood vessels into the injured tissues, causing decreased blood volume. Hematuria (A) is not typically associated with thermal injuries. Anemia (D) is a decrease in the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin, not a direct result of thermal injury.