Nokea
When obtaining a health history from the client, the nurse would expect to learn that which of the following was the client's earliest symptom?
- A. Anorexia
- B. Dyspnea
- C. Nausea
- D. Headaches
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dyspnea is often the earliest symptom of left-sided heart failure due to pulmonary congestion.
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After the coronary arteriogram, the nurse must keep the client flat in bed with the affected leg in which position?
- A. Extended
- B. Flexed
- C. Abducted
- D. Adducted
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Keeping the leg extended prevents bleeding or hematoma at the femoral artery puncture site by minimizing movement.
Which side effects are most closely associated with the use of nitroglycerin tablets? Select all that apply.
- A. Headache
- B. Backache
- C. Headache
- D. Jaundice
- E. Dizziness
- F. Pallor
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation, leading to headache (due to cerebral vasodilation) and dizziness (due to hypotension). Backache, jaundice, and pallor are not typical.
Please indicate with an X the best anatomic area for the nurse to auscultate mitral valve sounds.
- A. Apex of the heart
- B. Second right intercostal space
- C. Second left intercostal space
- D. Lower left sternal border
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitral valve sounds are best heard at the apex (fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line).
A client with angina will have to make lifestyle modifications. Which of the following statements by the client would indicate that he understands the necessary modifications in lifestyle to prevent angina attacks?
- A. I know that I will need to eat less, so I will only eat one meal a day.'
- B. I will need to stay in bed all the time so I won't have the pain.'
- C. I'll stop what I'm doing whenever I have pain and take a pill.'
- D. I will need to walk more slowly and rest frequently to avoid the angina.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Walking slowly and resting frequently helps prevent angina by reducing cardiac workload. Eating one meal a day, staying in bed, or only stopping during pain do not address preventive lifestyle modifications.
When the nurse at the physician's office reviews the client's medical record, which finding is the best indication that the client's heart has been affected by sustained high blood pressure?
- A. The client has a strong S2 heart sound.
- B. The client's heart rate is 100 beats/minute when active.
- C. The client's heart is a moderate disorder
- D. The client has an irregular heart rhythm.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A moderate heart disorder, such as left ventricular hypertrophy, is a common consequence of sustained hypertension due to increased workload on the heart. The other options are less specific to hypertensive heart damage.