Nokea
When planning care of a client who has a been diagnosed with Amphetamine Abuse, the nurse should use the knowledge that:
- A. amphetamines increase energy by increasing dopamine levels at neural synapses.
- B. amphetamines have a low risk of tolerance or addiction.
- C. amphetamines produce a 10-20-second rush followed by a 2-4-hour high.
- D. addiction to barbiturates and amphetamines is rare because they have opposite effects.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amphetamines cause the release of norepinephrine and dopamine from storage vesicles into the synapse, increasing stimulation. Tolerance and withdrawal patterns are well-documented, and prolonged use can lead to psychosis.
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A couple from the Philippines living in the United States is expecting their first child. In providing culturally competent care, the nurse must first:
- A. review their own cultural beliefs and biases
- B. respectfully request that the couple utilize only medically approved health care providers
- C. realize that the clients have to learn their new country's accepted medical practices
- D. study family dynamics to understand the male and female gender roles in the clients' culture
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse must first examine their own cultural biases to avoid imposing personal beliefs, ensuring culturally sensitive care. The other options assume or impose external standards without prioritizing self-awareness.
A client is assessed by the nurse as experiencing a crisis. The nurse plans to:
- A. allow the client to work through independent problem-solving.
- B. complete an in-depth evaluation of stressors and responses to the situation.
- C. focus on immediate stress reduction.
- D. recommend ongoing therapy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A crisis is an acute, time-limited state of disequilibrium resulting from a situational, developmental, or societal source of stress. Utilizing the nursing process, the nurse should assist clients to work through a crisis to its resolution and restore their precrisis level of functioning.
Nursing considerations when caring for African-American clients include that:
- A. families are generally distant and unsupportive
- B. special hair, skin, and nail care might be required
- C. fad diets are a cultural norm
- D. clients are generally future-oriented
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: African-American clients may require specific hair, skin, and nail care due to unique characteristics like tightly coiled hair or higher risk of keloid scarring. The other options are stereotypes or incorrect: families are often supportive, fad diets are not a cultural norm, and future orientation is not a defining trait.
A nurse is caring for a client with an elevated urine osmolarity. The nurse should assess the client for:
- A. fluid volume excess.
- B. hyperkalemia.
- C. hypercalcemia.
- D. fluid volume deficit.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For a client with an elevated urine osmolarity, the nurse should assess the client for fluid volume deficit.
What interpersonal relief behavior is Ashley using?
- A. acting out
- B. somatizing
- C. withdrawal
- D. problem-solving
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Somatizing means one experiences an emotional conflict as a physical symptom. Ashley manifests several physical symptoms associated with severe anxiety. Acting out refers to behaviors such as anger, crying, laughter, and physical or verbal abuse. Withdrawal is a reaction in which psychic energy is withdrawn from the environment and focused on the self in response to anxiety. Problem-solving takes place when anxiety is identified and the unmet need is met.