Nokea
When providing care for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), which nursing intervention is MOST appropriate?
- A. Encourage complete bed rest during flareups
- B. Apply cold packs to affected joints for pain relief
- C. Promote physical activity and participation in sports
- D. Administer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as prescribed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NSAIDs are a cornerstone of JIA management to reduce inflammation and pain, promoting function. Complete bed rest is discouraged, and cold packs are less effective than heat for chronic joint pain.
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The nurse encourages adequate intake of folic acid for women of childbearing age before and during pregnancy. What is folic acid thought to decrease the incidence of in fetal development?
- A. Structural heart defects
- B. Craniofacial deformities
- C. Limb deformities
- D. Neural tube defects
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Folic acid can reduce the incidence of neural tube defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly.
The mother of a 2-week-old infant tells the nurse, 'I think the baby is constipated. I've noticed she strains when she has a bowel movement.' What is nurse's most helpful response?
- A. Give the baby one serving of fruit per day.'
- B. Increase the amount and frequency of her feedings.'
- C. It sounds like the baby is uncomfortable because she is constipated.'
- D. Newborns might strain with bowel movements because their muscles aren't fully developed.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Straining in the newborn period is normal. It results from underdeveloped abdominal musculature. No treatment is required.
A patient at the obstetric office has just learned she is pregnant with dizygotic twins. What facts will the nurse include when educating this patient? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Dizygotic twins are the same sex.
- B. Dizygotic twins share a placenta.
- C. Dizygotic pregnancies tend to repeat in families.
- D. Dizygotic twins have one chorion.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dizygotic twins tend to repeat in families and have separate chorions. They can be the same sex or different sexes and have their own placenta.
A 16-year-old female patient is being educated on managing type 1 diabetes. What should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Importance of regular insulin injections
- B. Oral hypoglycemics are the treatment of choice
- C. Increase carbohydrate intake during periods of illness
- D. Physical activity has no impact on blood glucose levels
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes requires regular insulin injections due to absolute insulin deficiency, a core component of management education, unlike oral hypoglycemics which are for type 2 diabetes.
What is the embryonic membrane that contains fingerlike projections on its surface, which attach to the uterine wall?
- A. Amnion
- B. Yolk sac
- C. Chorion
- D. Decidua basalis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The chorion is a thick membrane with fingerlike projections (villi) on its outermost surface.