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When reviewing information about general anesthetics, a group of students read about volatile liquids used as inhaled general anesthetics. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a volatile liquid? Select all that apply.
- A. Halothane
- B. Desflurane
- C. Nitrous oxide
- D. Enflurane
- E. Cyclopropane
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Halothane, desflurane, and enflurane are examples of volatile liquids used as inhaled anesthetics. Examples of gas anesthetics are nitrous oxide and cyclopropane.
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A client admitted for surgery is to receive general anesthesia. Prior to administering the prescribed preanesthetic, which of the following would the nurse do?
- A. Review the client's surgical and anesthesia records.
- B. Position the client to prevent aspiration of vomitus and secretions.
- C. Check the chart for any abnormal laboratory test results.
- D. Check the airway for patency and assess the respiratory status.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Before surgery and administering the preanesthetic, the nurse should check the client's chart for any abnormal laboratory test results. Reviewing the client's surgical and anesthesia records, positioning the client to prevent aspiration of vomitus and secretions, checking the airway for patency, and assessing the respiratory status are the postoperative responsibilities of the nurse.
A nurse is assigned to care for a 53-year-old client who is to receive glycopyrrolate as a preanesthetic drug. The nurse reviews the client's history for which of the following that would contraindicate the use of this drug?
- A. Diabetes
- B. Hypotension
- C. Respiratory problems
- D. Myocardial ischemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should confirm that the 53-year-old client does not have myocardial ischemia to ensure that the use of glycopyrrolate is not contraindicated. The other conditions that contraindicate the drug's use include prostatic hypertrophy and glaucoma. Diabetes, hypotension, or respiratory problems are not contraindications for the use of glycopyrrolate.
To assist with the insertion of an endotracheal tube, the nurse would expect the client to receive which of the following to facilitate its insertion? Select all that apply.
- A. Hydroxyzine
- B. Glycopyrrolate
- C. Atracurium
- D. Doxacurium
- E. Meperidine
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Atracurium and doxacurium are muscle relaxants used during general anesthesia to facilitate the insertion of an endotracheal tube.
A client visits a dental health care clinic for a tooth extraction. Which type of anesthesia would most likely be used?
- A. Regional anesthesia
- B. General anesthesia
- C. Topical anesthesia
- D. Local infiltration anesthesia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Local infiltration anesthesia is often used for dental procedures. Regional anesthesia covers a larger area than that covered by local infiltration anesthesia, so it is not used for minor surgeries like that of a tooth extraction. General anesthesia is used to achieve a pain-free state for the entire body and is not the most appropriate type of anesthesia for a tooth extraction. Similarly, topical anesthesia is used to desensitize skin or mucous membranes for injection of a deeper local anesthetic.
A nurse is working in the PACU. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to do? Select all that apply.
- A. Checking airway patency
- B. Positioning the client to prevent aspiration of secretions
- C. Reviewing the client's surgical and anesthesia records
- D. Checking the client every 15 to 30 minutes for emergence from anesthesia
- E. Checking the client's vital signs
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Checking airway patency, positioning the client to prevent aspiration of secretions, reviewing the client's surgical and anesthesia records, checking the client every 5 to 15 minutes for emergence from anesthesia, and checking the client's vital signs, IV lines, catheters, drainage tubes, surgical dressings, and casts represent the nurse's responsibilities to a client in the PACU.