Nokea
When teaching a discipline class for parents of pre-schoolers, the nurse will be guided by which principle?
- A. Using the strictest form of punishment at the time of infraction is most effective
- B. Punishment increases unwanted behavior
- C. Discipline is to teach and gradually shift control from parents to child, promoting self-discipline
- D. Discipline and punishment are the same
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct principle to guide the nurse when teaching a discipline class for parents of pre-schoolers is that discipline is meant to teach and gradually shift control from parents to the child, promoting self-discipline. This approach focuses on educating children on appropriate behavior rather than solely relying on punishment. Choice A is incorrect because using the strictest punishment is not the most effective method for discipline. Choice B is incorrect because punishment can reinforce unwanted behavior if not used appropriately. Choice D is incorrect because discipline and punishment are not synonymous; discipline involves a broader aspect of teaching and guiding behavior.
You may also like to solve these questions
What do the clinical manifestations of minimal change nephrotic syndrome include?
- A. Hematuria, bacteriuria, and weight gain
- B. Gross hematuria, albuminuria, and fever
- C. Hypertension, weight loss, and proteinuria
- D. Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema due to the loss of protein in the urine. Hematuria, bacteriuria, and weight loss are not typical features of this condition.
When assessing a child with chronic renal failure, which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to find?
- A. Uremic frost
- B. Hypotension
- C. Massive hematuria
- D. Severe metabolic acidosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When assessing a child with chronic renal failure, the nurse would expect to find uremic frost as a clinical manifestation. Uremic frost, a white powdery deposit of urea on the skin, occurs in severe cases of chronic renal failure due to the accumulation of urea and other waste products in the blood. Hypotension and massive hematuria are less common in chronic renal failure, while severe metabolic acidosis is typically mild to moderate and not a prominent clinical manifestation.
The nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome. The nurse understands that the peak age at onset for this disease is what?
- A. 2 to 3 years
- B. 4 to 5 years
- C. 6 to 7 years
- D. 8 to 9 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The peak age for the onset of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is typically between 4 and 5 years old. MCNS is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, particularly within this age range.
A 12-year-old child is injured in a bicycle accident. When considering the possibility of renal trauma, the nurse should consider what factor?
- A. Flank pain rarely occurs in children with renal injuries.
- B. Few nonpenetrating injuries cause renal trauma in children.
- C. Kidneys are immobile, well protected, and rarely injured in children.
- D. The amount of hematuria is not a reliable indicator of the seriousness of renal injury.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The amount of hematuria is not a reliable indicator of the severity of renal trauma, as even minor injuries can cause significant bleeding, while severe injuries may result in little or no visible blood. Renal trauma should be evaluated through imaging and clinical assessment.
Which finding suggests fluid volume deficit in an infant presenting with vomiting and diarrhea for 2 days?
- A. Increased blood pressure
- B. A sunken fontanel
- C. Decreased pulse rate
- D. Low urine specific gravity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A sunken fontanel is a classic sign of dehydration in infants, indicating a fluid volume deficit. In dehydration, the fontanel sinks due to decreased fluid volume in the body. Increased blood pressure (Choice A) is not typically associated with dehydration in infants. Decreased pulse rate (Choice C) is not a common finding in fluid volume deficit, as the body tries to increase the heart rate to compensate for decreased volume. Low urine specific gravity (Choice D) may be seen in dehydration, but it is not as specific or as easily observable as a sunken fontanel.