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When teaching a mother about communicable diseases
When teaching a mother about communicable diseases, the nurse informs her that chickenpox is:
- A. Still communicable until all the vesicles have dried.
- B. Still communicable even when just dried scabs remain.
- C. No longer communicable after a high fever has subsided.
- D. Not communicable as long as the vesicles are intact and surrounded by a red areola.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chickenpox is communicable until all vesicles have crusted over.
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A child who has recently been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF) is being assessed by a pediatric clinic nurse. Which finding of this disease would the nurse not expect to see at this time?
- A. Positive sweat test
- B. Bulky greasy stools
- C. Moist, productive cough
- D. Meconium ileus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Moist, productive cough. Option C is a later sign. Noisy respirations and a dry non-productive cough are commonly the first of the respiratory signs to appear in a newly diagnosed client with CF. The other options are the earliest findings. CF is an inherited (genetic) condition affecting the cells that produce mucus, sweat, saliva and digestive juices. Normally, these secretions are thin and slippery, but in CF, a defective gene causes the secretions to become thick and sticky. Instead of acting as a lubricant, the secretions plug up tubes, ducts and passageways, especially in the pancreas and lungs. Respiratory failure is the most dangerous consequence of CF.
Teaching about the need to avoid foods high in potassium is most important for which client?
- A. a client receiving diuretic therapy
- B. a client with an ileus
- C. a client with metabolic alkalosis
- D. a client with renal disease
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Renal disease impairs potassium excretion, leading to hyperkalemia, so avoiding high-potassium foods is critical. The other conditions are more associated with hypokalemia. Physiological Adaptation
The nurse is teaching a client and family about phenelzine (Nardil).
Which of the following foods would the nurse urge the client to avoid?
- A. Eggs
- B. Vegetables
- C. American cheese
- D. Fruits
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cheese is one of the foods that may cause a hypertensive crisis when taken with Nardil, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).
Teaching the client with gonorrhea how to prevent reinfection and further spread is an example of:
- A. primary prevention.
- B. secondary prevention.
- C. tertiary prevention.
- D. primary health care prevention.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary prevention targets the reduction of disease prevalence and disease morbidity through early diagnosis and treatment. Physiological Adaptation
The importance of monitoring blood sugar, activity level, and insulin doses is to
adjust the activity level based on the blood sugar level.
- A. adjust the diet and insulin doses as the activity level increases or decreases.
- B. adjust the diet and activity level based on the blood sugar level.
- C. adjust the insulin doses based on the sugar level in the urine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If a patient injects too much insulin, exercises too much in relation to carbohydrate consumed, or does not eat enough or at the appropriate times, the blood glucose level can fall low enough to cause hypoglycemia. Adjusting diet and insulin doses based on activity level helps maintain balance.