Nokea
When teaching a preoperative older patient, which of the following is a technique to improve learning?
- A. Sit in front of window in bright sunlight.
- B. Speak in high tone.
- C. Use small, white-on-black printed
- D. Eliminate background noise. materials.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Eliminating background noise is a beneficial technique when teaching an older patient preoperatively. Older individuals may have age-related hearing impairments, making it difficult for them to focus and understand information in the presence of background noise. By minimizing distractions and background noise, the older patient can better concentrate on the information being taught and improve their learning experience.
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Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery, a young child has a temperature of 101° F. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Keep child warm with blankets.
- B. Apply a hypothermia blanket.
- C. Record temperature on nurses' notes.
- D. Report findings to physician.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A temperature of 101°F after cardiac surgery in a young child, especially 72 hours post-surgery, is a concerning finding that should be reported to the physician. This elevated temperature could indicate infection or another complication following the surgery. It is important for the physician to evaluate the child's condition and determine the appropriate course of action. Simply recording the temperature on nurses' notes or keeping the child warm with blankets is not adequate management in this situation. Applying a hypothermia blanket would also not be appropriate as the child is already febrile. The priority in this scenario is to report the findings to the physician for further assessment and intervention.
A patient has allergic rhinitis. In planning care for the patient, the nurse understands that if the patient does not remain compliant with the treatment regimen, the patient is at risk for developing which of the following?
- A. Sinusitis
- B. Lymphadenopathy
- C. Anaphylaxis
- D. Angioedema
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allergic rhinitis is characterized by inflammation of the nasal passages due to exposure to allergens. If a patient with allergic rhinitis does not remain compliant with the treatment regimen, such as taking antihistamines or using nasal corticosteroids, it can lead to chronic inflammation and congestion of the nasal passages. Over time, this chronic inflammation can predispose the patient to developing complications such as sinusitis, which is the inflammation of the sinuses. Sinusitis can result in symptoms such as facial pain, pressure, nasal congestion, and fever. Therefore, non-compliance with treatment in allergic rhinitis can increase the risk of developing sinusitis as a complication.
In which of the ff clients will an MRI scan be contraindicated?
- A. Overweight clients
- B. Clients with metal implants in their body
- C. Clients over the age of 60
- D. Clients with brain tumor CARING FOR CLIENTS WITH CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An MRI scan uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the body's internal structures. Clients with metal implants in their body, such as pacemakers, artificial joints, or other metallic objects, may experience potential risks and complications during an MRI scan. The strong magnetic field can interact with the metal in the body, causing movement, heating, or potential damage to the surrounding tissues. Hence, it is contraindicated to perform an MRI scan on clients with metal implants to avoid harm and ensure their safety.
The nurse is teaching parents about prevention of urinary tract infections in children. Which factor predisposes the urinary tract to infection?
- A. Increased fluid intake
- B. Short urethra in young girls
- C. Prostatic secretions in males
- D. Frequent emptying of the bladder
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: One of the factors that predisposes the urinary tract to infection is a short urethra in young girls. The shorter urethra compared to boys makes it easier for bacteria to travel up the urinary tract and cause infections. This anatomical difference in young girls increases their susceptibility to urinary tract infections compared to boys. In boys, the longer length of the urethra provides a natural barrier for bacteria to enter the bladder, reducing the risk of infection.
A parent asks the nurse to define Talipes Varus. The nurse tells the parent that it is which of the following?
- A. An inversion or bending inward of the foot.
- B. An eversion or bending outward of the foot.
- C. A high arch of the foot.
- D. A low arch (flatfoot) of the foot.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Talipes Varus is a congenital deformity that involves the inward bending or inversion of the foot. The word "varus" specifically refers to the inward deviation of a body part, such as the foot in this case. This condition is also known as clubfoot, where the foot is twisted internally and downward. Treatment typically involves gentle manipulation and stretching of the foot, followed by casting or bracing to gradually correct the position of the foot.