Nokea
When the client asks the nurse about why the physician has prescribed two drugs, which response is most accurate?
- A. One medication diminishes the side effects of the other.
- B. One medication kills the live organism; the other, its spores.
- C. Using combined medications can reduce the dosages of both drugs.
- D. Using two or more drugs lowers the potential for bacterial resistance.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Combination therapy (rifampin and isoniazid) reduces the risk of bacterial resistance, ensuring effective tuberculosis treatment.
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A 25 year-old female patient with pneumonia is prescribed Doxycycline. What question is important to ask the patient prior to administration of this medication?
- A. Do you take birth control pills?'
- B. Are you allergic to Penicillin?'
- C. Are you allergic to eggs?'
- D. Do you have a history of diabetes?'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Doxycycline can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, so asking about birth control use is critical. Penicillin allergy is unrelated, egg allergy is relevant for vaccines, and diabetes is not a primary concern.
The nurse and an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are caring for an elderly client diagnosed with emphysema. Which nursing tasks could be delegated to the UAP to improve gas exchange? Select all that apply.
- A. Keep the head of the bed elevated.
- B. Encourage deep breathing exercises.
- C. Record pulse oximeter reading.
- D. Assess level of consciousness.
- E. Auscultate breath sounds.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: UAPs can keep the head of the bed elevated (1) to improve lung expansion and record pulse oximetry (3), a non-invasive task. Encouraging deep breathing (2) requires teaching, a nursing role. Assessing consciousness (4) and auscultating breath sounds (5) are assessment tasks reserved for nurses.
The nurse is planning the care of a client diagnosed with pneumonia and writes a problem of 'impaired gas exchange.' Which is an expected outcome for this problem?
- A. Performs chest physiotherapy three (3) times a day.
- B. Able to complete activities of daily living.
- C. Ambulates in the hall several times during each shift.
- D. Alert and oriented to person, place, time, and events.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alert/oriented status (D) indicates improved oxygenation from resolved gas exchange impairment. Physiotherapy (A) is an intervention, ADLs (B) and ambulation (C) are secondary outcomes.
The client is admitted to the outpatient surgery center for a bronchoscopy to rule out cancer of the lung. Which information should the nurse teach?
- A. The test will confirm the results of the MRI.
- B. The client can eat and drink immediately after the test.
- C. The HCP can do a biopsy of the tumor through the scope.
- D. There is no discomfort associated with this procedure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bronchoscopy allows biopsy (C) to diagnose lung cancer. It doesn’t confirm MRI (A), requires NPO post-procedure (B), and causes discomfort (D).
A patient is prescribed Warfarin (Coumadin) for the treatment of a blood clot. What is the therapeutic INR range for this medication?
- A. 2--3
- B. 3--1
- C. 8--4
- D. 0.5-2.5
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The therapeutic INR range is 2-3. It may be slightly higher if a patient is at a high risk for clot formation (ex: up to 4.5)