Nokea
When the nurse examines the voided urine specimen, which finding is most supportive of the diagnosis of urolithiasis?
- A. Cloudy pale urine
- B. Blood-tinged urine
- C. Light yellow urine
- D. Strong-smelling urine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood-tinged urine (hematuria) is a hallmark of urolithiasis due to irritation or injury from kidney stones.
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The nurse is caring for a client with chronic pyelonephritis. Which assessment data support the diagnosis of chronic pyelonephritis?
- A. The client has fever, chills, flank pain, and dysuria.
- B. The client complains of fatigue, headaches, and increased urination.
- C. The client had a group B beta-hemolytic strep infection last week.
- D. The client has an acute viral pneumonia infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic pyelonephritis presents with subtle symptoms like fatigue, headaches, and polyuria due to long-term renal damage. Acute symptoms (fever, chills) are more typical of acute pyelonephritis. Strep or pneumonia are unrelated.
To avoid erroneous test results caused by the manipulation of the prostate, which diagnostic test should be performed before the client's rectal examination?
- A. Kidneys, ureters, bladder X-ray
- B. Needle biopsy of the prostate gland
- C. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test
- D. Transrectal ultrasound examination
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The PSA test should be done before rectal examination, as manipulation can elevate PSA levels, leading to false results.
The nurse is inserting an indwelling catheter into a female client. Which interventions should be implemented? Rank in the order of performance.
- A. Explain the procedure to the client.
- B. Set up the sterile field.
- C. Inflate the catheter bulb.
- D. Place absorbent pads under the client.
- E. Clean the perineum from clean to dirty with Betadine.
Correct Answer: A,D,B,E,C
Rationale: Correct order: 1) Explain the procedure to gain consent and reduce anxiety; 2) Place absorbent pads to maintain a clean field; 3) Set up the sterile field to prepare equipment; 4) Clean the perineum (front to back, not clean to dirty, assuming document error) to reduce infection risk; 5) Inflate the catheter bulb after insertion to secure it.
The nurse is preparing a teaching care plan for the client diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which intervention should the nurse include?
- A. Stop steroids if a moon face develops.
- B. Provide teaching for taking diuretics.
- C. Increase the intake of dietary sodium.
- D. Report a decrease in daily weight.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diuretics are commonly prescribed in nephrotic syndrome to manage edema. Teaching proper diuretic use (e.g., timing, side effects like hypokalemia) is essential. Stopping steroids for moon face is incorrect, increasing sodium worsens edema, and weight loss is expected, not a concern.
When the client asks the nurse to clarify the surgeon's explanation of the procedure, which statement is most accurate?
- A. Your urine will be deposited in your small intestine.
- B. Urine will be eliminated with stool from the rectum.
- C. Urine will drain from an abdominal opening.
- D. Your urine will empty from a special catheter.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An ileal conduit diverts urine to an abdominal stoma, where it drains externally.