Nokea
When the nurse inspects the client's urine specimen, which finding best indicates that the urine contains red blood cells?
- A. The urine appears cloudy.
- B. The urine appears smoky.
- C. The urine appears bright orange.
- D. The urine appears dark yellow.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smoky urine is indicative of hematuria (red blood cells in the urine), a common finding in glomerulonephritis due to kidney inflammation.
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The nurse is caring for the client recovering from a percutaneous renal biopsy. Which data indicate the client is complying with client teaching?
- A. The client is lying flat in the saline position.
- B. The client continues oral fluids restriction while on bedrest.
- C. The client uses the bedside commode to urinate.
- D. The client refuses to ask for any pain medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-renal biopsy, lying flat (supine, assuming 'saline' is a typo) prevents bleeding complications, indicating compliance. Fluid restriction is unnecessary, using a commode risks bleeding, and refusing pain meds is unrelated.
When preparing the client for catheterization, how should the nurse position the client?
- A. Lithotomy position
- B. Recumbent
- C. Knee-chest position
- D. Prone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The lithotomy position provides optimal access to the urethral meatus for catheterization in female clients.
Because the client also has diabetes mellitus, which statement by the nurse best explains why that client is at higher risk for a training in a bladder infection?
- A. Glucose in urine supports bacterial growth.
- B. Diabetes suppresses white blood cell activity.
- C. Diabetic clients urinate more frequently.
- D. The urine is more concentrated in diabetic clients.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glucose in the urine, common in diabetes, provides a nutrient-rich environment that promotes bacterial growth, increasing infection risk.
The laboratory data reveal a calcium phosphate renal stone for a client diagnosed with renal calculi. Which discharge teaching intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Encourage the client to eat a low-purine diet and limit foods such as organ meats.
- B. Explain the importance of not drinking water two (2) hours before bedtime.
- C. Discuss the importance of limiting vitamin D-enriched foods.
- D. Prepare the client for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Calcium phosphate stones are linked to hypercalciuria. Limiting vitamin D-enriched foods reduces calcium absorption, preventing recurrence. Low-purine diets are for uric acid stones, water restriction is contraindicated, and ESWL is a treatment, not teaching.
If the client makes the following statements, which information is most important to report to the physician before the client undergoes an intravenous pyelography (IVP)?
- A. The barium they give me to drink causes me to have concentration.
- B. I have a low tolerance for pain during procedures.
- C. I had a reaction when my gallbladder was X-rayed before.
- D. I get claustrophobic when I am put into that big round machine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A previous reaction to a contrast dye, as implied by the gallbladder X-ray reaction, indicates a potential allergy risk, which must be reported before IVP.