Nokea
When the patient has a rapidly growing brain tumor, what slows expansion of cerebral brain tissue into the adjacent hemisphere?
- A. Ventricles
- B. Falx cerebri
- C. Arachnoid layer
- D. Tentorium cerebella
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The falx cerebri limits the expansion of brain tissue into adjacent hemispheres.
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Which type of tissue is in the image? (Figure 1)
- A. Compact bone
- B. Fibrocartilage
- C. Smooth muscle
- D. Simple squamous epithelial
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Simple squamous epithelial tissue is the correct answer because it consists of a single layer of flat cells, which is characteristic of the tissue shown in Figure 1. This type of tissue is found in areas where rapid diffusion or filtration is required, such as the lining of blood vessels and the alveoli of the lungs. Its thin structure allows for efficient exchange of gases and nutrients.
The brain and spinal cord are the organs of the ________ .
- A. CNS
- B. PNS
- C. ANS
- D. CSF
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The brain and spinal cord are the primary organs of the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS is responsible for processing and integrating information received from the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a division of the PNS, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a protective fluid surrounding the CNS. Therefore, CNS is the correct answer as it directly refers to the brain and spinal cord.
Apraxia involves an inability to undertake learned and purposeful activities such as dressing, cooking etc., and means that sufferers must rely increasingly on caregivers to help with these activities. Limb apraxia is a common symptom of left hemisphere damage and consists of a deficit in performing gestures to verbal command or imitation. One form of rehabilitation training for limb apraxia is:
- A. Gestural training.
- B. Mime training.
- C. Motor training.
- D. Replication training.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gestural training is a rehabilitation technique used to improve limb apraxia, a condition characterized by difficulty in performing purposeful movements. This training involves teaching individuals to recognize and execute appropriate gestures and postures, enhancing their ability to perform daily activities. By focusing on the coordination of movements and the context in which they are used, gestural training helps individuals regain functional independence and reduce reliance on caregivers.
In iron deficiency anaemia, the following is decreased:
- A. MCV (mean cell volume)
- B. ferritin
- C. MCH (mean cell haemoglobin)
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by decreased MCV (microcytic anemia), low ferritin (indicating low iron stores), and reduced MCH (hypochromic anemia). These changes reflect the impaired hemoglobin synthesis due to insufficient iron.
A patient arrived in the ER with a head injury. She is unconscious. The physician and a fellow nurse are the only staff members near the patient. Her husband begins to criticize the attending physician and suggest that a different physician should care for this patient. What is the best response?
- A. Report the nurse to the attending physician.
- B. Call the nurse away from the patient and remind him that the patient can still hear even if unconscious.
- C. Ask the nurse why he has such feelings.
- D. Simply nod your head in agreement.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Unconscious patients can still perceive their surroundings; thus, maintaining professional communication is important.