Nokea
Where does glycolysis occur within the cell?
- A. Cytosol
- B. Nucleus
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol, the liquid component of the cytoplasm, not in the nucleus, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum. It is the initial step in cellular respiration and involves the breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid. The process takes place in the cytosol as it does not require membrane-bound organelles like the mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum for its completion.
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Which of the following is a function of the liver?
- A. Producing digestive enzymes
- B. Storing bile
- C. Filtering waste products from the blood
- D. Transporting nutrients to cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct function of the liver is to store bile. Bile is produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder until it is needed to aid in the digestion of fats. While the liver does produce bile, its primary role is to store and release it. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Producing digestive enzymes is mainly the function of the pancreas, filtering waste products from the blood is primarily done by the kidneys, and transporting nutrients to cells is typically associated with the circulatory system rather than the liver.
Which of the following is an example of a long bone in the human body?
- A. Carpals
- B. Femur
- C. Tarsals
- D. Metacarpals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Femur. The femur is the longest and strongest bone in the human body, located in the thigh region. Long bones are characterized by their elongated shape, such as the femur, which provides support, strength, and mobility. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because carpal bones (A) are short bones found in the wrist, tarsal bones (C) are short bones found in the ankle, and metacarpal bones (D) are classified as long bones, but they are shorter than the femur and mainly found in the hand.
Which of the following is best identified as a hypothesis?
- A. The environmental temperature can affect the growth of a plant's root.
- B. Plants need light to grow.
- C. A colder environment produces longer roots.
- D. Plants need 60 days to grow their roots.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is the best example of a hypothesis as it presents a testable statement regarding the impact of environmental temperature on plant root growth. A hypothesis should be specific and capable of being tested through experimentation, which is demonstrated in choice A. Choice B is a general statement rather than a testable hypothesis. Choice C lacks specificity and does not clearly state a cause-and-effect relationship to be tested. Choice D provides a specific time frame but does not address a relationship that can be tested through experimentation, making it less suitable as a hypothesis compared to choice A.
What is a primary function of red blood cells?
- A. To fight infection
- B. To carry oxygen
- C. To produce antibodies
- D. To transport waste
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The main function of red blood cells is to carry oxygen from the lungs to all the body's tissues and organs, where it is needed for cellular functions and metabolism. This process is essential for sustaining life and providing energy to cells. Choice A is incorrect because fighting infection is primarily done by white blood cells. Choice C is incorrect because antibody production is mainly carried out by specialized white blood cells. Choice D is incorrect as the primary role of red blood cells is not to transport waste, but rather to transport oxygen and some carbon dioxide.
What is the primary function of the nervous system?
- A. To produce hormones
- B. To transmit electrical impulses
- C. To carry oxygen
- D. To transport nutrients
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To transmit electrical impulses. The primary function of the nervous system is to transmit electrical impulses and coordinate body activities. While hormones are produced by the endocrine system, not the nervous system, oxygen transportation is mainly carried out by the respiratory system, and nutrient transport is primarily the role of the circulatory system. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the primary function of the nervous system.