Nokea
Where does visual processing begin in the eye?
- A. Cornea
- B. Optic nerve
- C. Retina
- D. Eyelid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Visual processing begins in the retina, not the cornea, optic nerve, or eyelid. The retina is a layer of tissue at the back of the eye that contains photoreceptor cells responsible for converting light into neural signals that are then sent to the brain for processing. The cornea is the transparent outer layer of the eye that helps focus light, but it does not process visual information. The optic nerve transmits visual information from the retina to the brain, it does not initiate visual processing. The eyelid is a protective covering for the eye and is not involved in visual processing.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following best defines the term amphoteric?
- A. A substance that conducts electricity due to ionization when dissolved in a solvent
- B. A substance that can act as an acid or a base depending on the properties of the solute
- C. A substance that, according to the Br¸nsted-Lowry Acid-Base Theory, is a proton-donor
- D. A substance that donates its proton and forms its conjugate base in a neutralization reaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An amphoteric substance can act as both an acid or a base depending on the environment. It can donate a proton (act as an acid) or accept a proton (act as a base), showing versatility in its behavior. Choice A is incorrect as it describes an electrolyte rather than an amphoteric substance. Choice C is incorrect as it defines an acid based on the Br¸nsted-Lowry Acid-Base Theory. Choice D is incorrect as it specifically refers to a substance donating a proton in a neutralization reaction, not capturing the dual behavior of an amphoteric substance.
What makes bone resistant to shattering?
- A. The calcium salts deposited in the bone
- B. The collagen fibers
- C. The bone marrow and network of blood vessels
- D. The intricate balance of minerals and collagen fibers
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bone is resistant to shattering due to the intricate balance of minerals and collagen fibers. The minerals provide strength to the bone, while the collagen fibers offer flexibility. This combination ensures that bone is a robust and resilient tissue. Choice A (The calcium salts deposited in the bone) is incorrect as calcium salts alone do not provide the necessary flexibility for bone to withstand shattering. Choice B (The collagen fibers) is partially correct as collagen fibers contribute to the flexibility of bone but alone are not sufficient for resistance to shattering. Choice C (The bone marrow and network of blood vessels) is incorrect as they do not directly contribute to the physical resistance of bone to shattering.
What is the process of cell division in somatic (most body) cells called?
- A. Mitosis
- B. Meiosis
- C. Respiration
- D. Cytogenesis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitosis is the correct answer. It is the process of cell division in somatic cells, leading to the formation of two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis, on the other hand, is the type of cell division that occurs in sex cells, leading to the formation of gametes with half the number of chromosomes. Respiration is a completely different biological process related to energy production, and cytogenesis is not a recognized term for cell division.
In a closed system with a gas at constant volume, what will happen to the temperature if the pressure is increased?
- A. The temperature will stay the same
- B. The temperature will decrease
- C. The temperature will increase
- D. It cannot be determined with the information given
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a closed system with a gas at constant volume, according to Gay-Lussac's law, the temperature of a gas is directly proportional to its pressure. When the pressure is increased, the temperature of the gas will also increase. This relationship is a direct consequence of the ideal gas law, where pressure and temperature are directly proportional when volume is held constant. Therefore, as pressure increases in a closed system with constant volume, the temperature of the gas will increase. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The temperature will not stay the same (Choice A) or decrease (Choice B) when the pressure is increased in this scenario. The relationship between pressure and temperature in a closed system with constant volume allows for a definitive conclusion about the increase in temperature when pressure is increased, making Choice D, which suggests inability to determine, incorrect.
Which of the following statements about the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is true?
- A. It controls involuntary functions
- B. It contains motor (efferent) neurons
- C. It contains sensory (afferent) neurons
- D. It contains both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for controlling involuntary functions and contains both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not fully capture the role of the ANS. While the ANS does control involuntary functions, this is a broader concept than just the reflex arc. While the ANS does contain motor (efferent) neurons, it also includes sensory (afferent) neurons, which are not specifically mentioned in the question. Therefore, choice C is not fully accurate. Choice D provides the most accurate and comprehensive description of the autonomic nervous system by highlighting its components, the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, which work together to regulate various bodily functions.