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Which action by a nurse represents the practice of decolonization?
- A. Enforcing Eurocentric ideologies to maintain cultural uniformity
- B. Prioritizing certain cultural perspectives over others
- C. Recognizing and challenging dominating colonial influences
- D. Eliminating all traditional healing practices to standardize care
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Recognizing and challenging dominating colonial influences. Decolonization in nursing involves acknowledging and addressing historical power imbalances and colonial legacies in healthcare. By recognizing and challenging dominating colonial influences, nurses advocate for culturally safe care and work towards dismantling systemic inequalities. Enforcing Eurocentric ideologies (choice A) and prioritizing certain cultural perspectives (choice B) can perpetuate colonization rather than decolonization. Eliminating traditional healing practices (choice D) disregards cultural diversity and goes against the principles of decolonization.
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A nurse is administering a tuberculosis skin test to a client who has AIDS. Which of the following
- A. Decreased positive predictive value
- B. Decreased reliability
- C. Decreased sensitivity
- D. Decreased specificity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased positive predictive value. In clients with AIDS, their compromised immune system can lead to false-negative results on the tuberculosis skin test. This decreases the test's ability to accurately predict the presence of tuberculosis if the result is positive. Choice B, decreased reliability, is not specific to the client's condition in this scenario. Choices C and D, decreased sensitivity and specificity, respectively, are not directly impacted by the client having AIDS and are more related to the test's overall performance characteristics.
Which of the following actions best represents public health nursing?
- A. Assessing the effectiveness of the large high school health clinic
- B. Caring for clients in their home following their outpatient surgeries
- C. Providing care to children and their families at the school clinic
- D. Administering follow-up care for pediatric clients at an outpatient clinic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing the effectiveness of the large high school health clinic aligns with the core principles of public health nursing. This action involves evaluating the impact of healthcare services on a population, addressing public health needs, and promoting health at a community level. Option B focuses on individual client care post-surgery, which is more aligned with home health nursing. Option C involves providing care at a school clinic, which is more focused on primary care nursing. Option D involves administering follow-up care for pediatric clients at an outpatient clinic, which is more related to pediatric nursing. Therefore, option A is the best representation of public health nursing as it involves a broader perspective on population health and healthcare services.
The administration at a local medical center examines the trends in health problems when developing long-range plans for staffing and space allocation. Which of the following sources of information would be most helpful?
- A. Local data drawn from a professional survey in the city
- B. The National Health Interview Survey
- C. The National Hospital Discharge Survey
- D. The state's vital statistics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Local data drawn from a professional survey in the city. This source of information would be most helpful because it provides specific and relevant data regarding the health trends of the local population. By utilizing local data, the administration can tailor their long-range plans to address the unique health issues faced by the community they serve.
Summary of why the other choices are incorrect:
B: The National Health Interview Survey provides national-level data, which may not accurately reflect the health trends specific to the local medical center.
C: The National Hospital Discharge Survey focuses on hospital-specific data and may not capture the full scope of health problems in the community.
D: State's vital statistics offer general information but may lack the specificity needed for targeted planning at the local medical center.
Which action should the nurse take when teaching a client with a low health literacy level?
- A. Use the correct medical terminology.
- B. Speak in a loud voic
- D. Choose terms that the client uses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Choose terms that the client uses. This is the most appropriate action when teaching a client with low health literacy because it helps ensure effective communication and understanding. By using language that the client is familiar with, the nurse can enhance comprehension and retention of important health information. Using medical terminology (A) may confuse the client further. Speaking loudly (B) is not necessary and can be perceived as disrespectful. Choices C, E, F, and G are not applicable in this context.
A woman is sitting in a corner of the clinical waiting room, crying audibly. The nurse asks, Whats
- A. The negative predictive value of mammography
- B. The positive predictive value of mammography
- C. The reliability of mammography
- D. The validity of mammography
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The negative predictive value of mammography. The nurse's question is related to predicting the likelihood of a negative outcome, which aligns with the concept of negative predictive value in the context of mammography. Negative predictive value assesses the probability that a negative test result is truly negative. The nurse's question does not pertain to positive predictive value (B), reliability (C), or validity (D) of mammography. These options are not relevant to the situation described and do not address the nurse's inquiry. Therefore, A is the correct choice as it directly corresponds to the nurse's query about the likelihood of a negative outcome in the given scenario.